VEGF gene transfected umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells transplantation improve the lower limb vascular lesions of diabetic rats

Muscle Derived Stem Cells Stimulate Muscle Myofiber Repair and Counteract Fat Infiltration in a Diabetic Mouse Model of Critical Limb Ischemia

“…Some studies dealt with the mobilization of endogenous EPC [ 55 , 56 ], and none used MDSC or ADDSC. There is also a paucity of studies on true T2D mouse models, specifically db/db [ 56 , 57 ], since most used streptozotocin-induced T1D models [ 50 , 51 , 53 , 55 , 56 ]. There are advantages in using a T2D db/db model, since the recovery from limb ischemia is less effective than in the T1D model [ 56 ], thus allowing better prediction of efficacy in human T2D, particularly in the severe ischemia that we induced by also blocking femoral artery collateral irrigation.…”

VEGF-loaded biomimetic scaffolds: a promising approach to improve angiogenesis and osteogenesis in an ischemic environment

“…4,7 VEGF, as a key mediator of angiogenesis, is one of the most investigated pro-angiogenic factors and has been proven to be able to improve vascularization and blood perfusion of skeletal muscle in the ischemic models. 15,16 Tsurumi et al 16 reported that intramuscular injection of VEGF plasmid DNA could signicantly increase the collateral vessels and capillaries in the treatment of acute limb ischemia. The expression of VEGF could also stimulate angiogenesis and improve blood supply in the ischemic lower limb secondary to diabetics.…”

“…The expression of VEGF could also stimulate angiogenesis and improve blood supply in the ischemic lower limb secondary to diabetics. 15 Improving blood perfusion may have the potential to enhance bone formation in an ischemic limb. For instance, the application of static magnetic eld enhanced femoral bone formation due to improved blood supply in an ischemic rat model.…”

“…A variety of strategies have been developed to improve vascularization, which is called therapeutic angiogenesis, in peripheral ischemic diseases. [14][15][16] The delivery of angiogenic growth factors is a classical approach, since vascularization is regulated by these cytokines. 4,17 Among them, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key mediator in angiogenesis.…”

“…It has been proven to be effective to increase blood perfusion and stimulate angiogenesis in skeletal muscle tissues of the ischemic limb. 15,16 However, whether VEGF released from biomimetic bone scaffolds could improve angiogenesis and osteogenesis in an ischemic limb is still unknown.…”