“…V EHICLE Re-identification (Re-ID) is an important task in intelligent transportation systems [1,2,3,4,5], as it allows for the retrieval of the same vehicle from multiple non-overlapping surveillance cameras. With the availability of vehicle surveillance datasets [6,7,8,9], many vehicle Re-ID models have been proposed [10,11,12,13], which have made significant progress in the past decade and gained wide interest among the research communities of human-machine systems, cybernetics, and transportation.…”