Vehicle Security: A Survey of Security Issues and Vulnerabilities, Malware Attacks and Defenses

Elkhail, Abdulrahman Abu; Refat, Rafi Ud Daula; Habre, Ricardo; Hafeez, Azeem; Bacha, Anys; Malik, Hafiz

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3130495

Cited by 39 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 192 publications

(306 reference statements)

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“…In contrast to conventional vehicles, connected vehicles exhibit efficient communication capabilities, enabling a real-time exchange of crucial safety-related information among neighboring vehicles and the surrounding infrastructure [231]. However, this enhanced connectivity also amplifies the susceptibility of vehicles to network threats and the risk of cyberattacks, thereby impacting both the vehicles and drivers [232]. Presently, security solutions for vehicular networks incorporate diverse technologies, including cryptography, blockchain, and machine learning algorithms [233].…”

Section: Blockchainmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Video Streaming for Next-Generation Vehicular Networks

Huang,

Cheng,

Lien

et al. 2024

Electronics

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As assisted driving technology advances and vehicle entertainment systems rapidly develop, future vehicles will become mobile cinemas, where passengers can use various multimedia applications in the car. In recent years, the progress in multimedia technology has given rise to immersive video experiences. In addition to conventional 2D videos, 360° videos are gaining popularity, and volumetric videos, which can offer users a better immersive experience, have been discussed. However, these applications place high demands on network capabilities, leading to a dependence on next-generation wireless communication technology to address network bottlenecks. Therefore, this study provides an exhaustive overview of the latest advancements in video streaming over vehicular networks. First, we introduce related work and background knowledge, and provide an overview of recent developments in vehicular networking and video types. Next, we detail various video processing technologies, including the latest released standards. Detailed explanations are provided for network strategies and wireless communication technologies that can optimize video transmission in vehicular networks, paying special attention to the relevant literature regarding the current development of 6G technology that is applied to vehicle communication. Finally, we proposed future research directions and challenges. Building upon the technologies introduced in this paper and considering diverse applications, we suggest a suitable vehicular network architecture for next-generation video transmission.

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Section: Blockchainmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Video Streaming for Next-Generation Vehicular Networks

Huang,

Cheng,

Lien

et al. 2024

Electronics

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“…These problems have an impact on the methods' dependability in real-world applications. A typical AV [188] is illustrated in Fig. 3.…”

Section: Ai Vulnerabilities In Autonomous Drivingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cybersecurity of Autonomous Vehicles: A Systematic Literature Review of Adversarial Attacks and Defense Models

Girdhar

Hong

Moore

2023

IEEE Open J. Veh. Technol.

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Autonomous driving (AD) has developed tremendously in parallel with the ongoing development and improvement of deep learning (DL) technology. However, the uptake of artificial intelligence (AI) in AD as the core enabling technology raises serious cybersecurity issues. An enhanced attack surface has been spurred on by the rising digitization of vehicles and the integration of AI features. The performance of the autonomous vehicle (AV)-based applications is constrained by the DL models' susceptibility to adversarial attacks despite their great potential. Hence, AI-enabled AVs face numerous security threats, which prevent the large-scale adoption of AVs. Therefore, it becomes crucial to evolve existing cybersecurity practices to deal with risks associated with the increased uptake of AI. Furthermore, putting defense models into practice against adversarial attacks has grown in importance as a field of study amongst researchers. Therefore, this study seeks to provide an overview of the most recent adversarial defensive and attack models developed in the domain of AD.

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“…Extensive research has been carried out on CAN bus IDS for in-vehicle automotive networks [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. While the effects of CAN bus vulnerabilities have necessitated an upgrade of security requirements for in-vehicle networks over the last decade, an integrated IDS has proven to have significantly enhanced the security features of automotive applications [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrusion Detection System CAN-Bus In-Vehicle Networks Based on the Statistical Characteristics of Attacks

Khan

Lim

Kim

2023

Sensors

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For in-vehicle network communication, the controller area network (CAN) broadcasts to all connected nodes without address validation. Therefore, it is highly vulnerable to all sorts of attack scenarios. This research proposes a novel intrusion detection system (IDS) for CAN to identify in-vehicle network anomalies. The statistical characteristics of attacks provide valuable information about the inherent intrusion patterns and behaviors. We employed two real-world attack scenarios from publicly available datasets to record a real-time response against intrusions with increased precision for in-vehicle network environments. Our proposed IDS can exploit malicious patterns by calculating thresholds and using the statistical properties of attacks, making attack detection more efficient. The optimized threshold value is calculated using brute-force optimization for various window sizes to minimize the total error. The reference values of normality require a few legitimate data frames for effective intrusion detection. The experimental findings validate that our suggested method can efficiently detect fuzzy, merge, and denial-of-service (DoS) attacks with low false-positive rates. It is also demonstrated that the total error decreases with an increasing attack rate for varying window sizes. The results indicate that our proposed IDS minimizes the misclassification rate and is hence better suited for in-vehicle networks.

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Vehicle Security: A Survey of Security Issues and Vulnerabilities, Malware Attacks and Defenses

Cited by 39 publications

References 192 publications

A Survey on Video Streaming for Next-Generation Vehicular Networks

A Survey on Video Streaming for Next-Generation Vehicular Networks

Cybersecurity of Autonomous Vehicles: A Systematic Literature Review of Adversarial Attacks and Defense Models

Intrusion Detection System CAN-Bus In-Vehicle Networks Based on the Statistical Characteristics of Attacks

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