Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) as line-side energy storage for support of DC-powered electric railway systems

Krueger, Hannes; Fletcher, D. I.; Cruden, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.jrtpm.2021.100263

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…However, an electric vehicle may also be a prosumer in the electric traction power supply system of railways, trams, or trolleybuses. As the power demand in traction supply systems varies in a much wider range than in commercial systems [8], the demand for powerbalancing means is even more significant [9,10]. The authors of [11] proposed to use electric vehicles charging stations installed at the Kochi Metro Rail System to support the supplying grid in terms of load balancing, harmonic elimination, and reactive power compensation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Traction Supply System for Charging Electric Cars

2022

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The development of electromobility involves the development of electric cars charging infrastructure. The increase of the number of chargers poses new demands for the AC power grid, especially in regard to its capacity of delivering high peak power. As an alternative for the public AC power grid, urban electrified transportation systems (trams, trolleybuses, and metro) can be used for supplying electric cars chargers. The article discusses four options of integrating electric cars chargers with a traction power supply system. The option of connecting the charger to the traction overhead supply line has been selected due to the spatial availability of the power source and possibility to use regenerative braking energy for charging. A set of criteria has been developed for analysing the capability of the traction supply system to feed electric cars chargers. An exemplary feasibility analysis was carried out for trolleybus traction supply system in Gdynia, Poland. The impact of installing the charging station on specific traction supply parameters has been predicted using present-state recordings of electrical parameters and assumed charging station power. The study shows that every supply section of the considered trolleybus traction system has the capability of installing a fast-charging station, which provides opportunities of expanding the charging stations network in Gdynia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Traction Supply System for Charging Electric Cars

2022

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“…The scale and characteristics of power loads in railways vary with speed, number of cars, and density of trains [6,7]. Studies have been conducted on the operation of ESSs for trams [8,9], urban lines [10][11][12], and high-speed railways [13][14][15][16], depending on the situation. In one study [8], an energy management control method for a light rail vehicle (LRV) transportation system using lithium-ion capacitors was proposed, and experiments using a reduced-scale model of the real system demonstrated that the method reduces peak current and energy consumption.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, for regenerative power utilization, as discussed earlier, the locations where the introduction of ESSs is expected to be effective are limited. Moreover, the locations in previous studies [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] were considered based on the assumption that the ESS would be introduced at locations with high effectiveness. In fact, the ESSs that were introduced on Japanese railroads were limited to a few metropolitan areas [6].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multipurpose Optimization Method for Energy Storage System Specification Using Measurement Data of DC Traction Substations

Nakamura,

Fukuda,

Kodama

et al. 2024

IEEJ Transactions Elec Engng

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The peak demand for railway power occurs when trains operate at full capacity, which calls for the need of facilities that can handle such peaks. These expansive railway power facilities, which cover vast areas, result in increased maintenance and management costs while affecting the power supply to traction substations (TSs). Herein, we investigated the load leveling of TSs using energy storage systems (ESSs). Most of the studies that have been conducted on the use of ESSs in electric railways have focused on high‐speed railways and urban lines. The application of ESSs to local lines is expected to be highly effective in reducing the capacity of power facilities using the load leveling of TSs. However, the introduction of ESSs to such local lines has not yet been discussed in detail. Hence, we focused on the relationship between ESS specifications (battery capacity, kWh) and load peak reduction (kW) and proposed a method to determine the ESS specifications by simultaneous optimization using linear programming. Numerical calculations were performed based on measured data from a real line, and the proposed method was verified in terms of battery capacity, load peak reduction, and ESS operation ratio. The numerical results indicate that the maximum load of the TS can be reduced by 98.7% and 91.1% using 380 kWh and 65.42 kWh ESS, respectively, considering its cooling time. This highlights the potential of Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) to balance TS (Time‐of‐Use) loads and consequently reduce power facility requirements. © 2024 The Authors. IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering published by Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.

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“…It is expected that degraded batteries could be used for lineside energy storage systems before being recycled. 39…”

Section: Battery Lifetimementioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal intermittent electrification and its effect on battery sizing and energy saving using a high-fidelity train model

Abduraxman

Harrison

Ward

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F:

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The fastest way to decarbonise traction energy of a railway network is full electrification of the network. However, full electrification can be costly and is often delayed due to complicated planning procedures. Often, it is not financially viable to electrify certain sections of the network due to geographical challenges such as hillsides and requirements to raise or lower the tracks. Intermittent electrification can provide a way to reduce emissions on a route without fully electrifying it. This paper presents an optimal intermittent electrification strategy and compares its effects on required battery size to a ‘common-sense’ approach. The “common-sense” approach is a heuristic electrification method where high-power sections of the route are electrified first. Energy savings are demonstrated using a validated high-fidelity bi-mode train model on the Newbury-Plymouth route of Great Western Railway in the UK. Unlike prior research, the optimal electrification strategy considers energy consumptions for both directions of a journey on the route and is therefore optimal regardless of travel direction. The 278-km Newbury-Plymouth route was divided into 50 equal discrete sections for the optimization process, which then identified sections that should be prioritised for electrification as they consume the maximum energy. A high charge/discharge lithium titanite-oxide battery was modelled and installed on the virtual vehicle to determine the required battery sizing for given optimal percentages of intermittent electrification. The battery sizing strategy includes battery wear effects from charge/discharge cycle life and shows the battery life to be 1.42 years if kept at 55°C and 6 years if kept at 25°C. At 36% electrification, using the ‘common-sense’ approach, the battery weighs 10,500 kg and the battery-OLE train reduces the CO2 emissions and energy usage on the route by 83% when compared to the diesel-only train.

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Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) as line-side energy storage for support of DC-powered electric railway systems

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

Application of Traction Supply System for Charging Electric Cars

Application of Traction Supply System for Charging Electric Cars

Multipurpose Optimization Method for Energy Storage System Specification Using Measurement Data of DC Traction Substations

Optimal intermittent electrification and its effect on battery sizing and energy saving using a high-fidelity train model

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