Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) in the fetus: retrospective analysis of perinatal prognostic indicators in a two‐center series of 49 cases

Abstract

Major brain lesions, tricuspid regurgitation and, to a lesser extent, VGAM volume ≥ 20 000 mm are the only prenatal variables associated with poor outcome in fetal VGAM. Prenatal multidisciplinary counseling should be based on these variables. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Outcome of Neonates with Vein of Galen Malformation Presenting with Severe Heart Failure: A Case Series

“…However, modern-day EVTs in conjunction with specialized perinatal intensive care management have shown improved outcome of VGAM, even if the overall neonatal outcome still remains uncertain. 1,2 Prenatal recognition of VGAM, due to the advancements in ultrasound technology, permits to identify the cases at risk of in utero deterioration and might lead to a relatively earlier delivery 4 and thus can improve outcome.…”

Prenatal diagnosis of cerebral and extracerebral high‐flow lesions revealing familial capillary malformation‐arteriovenous malformation (CM‐AVM) syndrome

“…High‐flow lesions diagnosed in the prenatal period are represented mainly by rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma of the soft tissues, hepatic hemangioma or vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM). We report here the prenatal diagnosis of two cases of cerebral and extracerebral high‐flow lesions, which led to identification of familial capillary malformation‐arteriovenous malformation (CM‐AVM) syndrome, related to RASA1 mutation.…”

Prenatal Diagnosis of Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation Allows Early Transumbilical Endovascular Treatment

“…2 Doppler studies can further help to understand the hemodynamics of the lesion, while echocardiography is useful to identify cardiac abnormalities. 2 Fetal MRI in apnea shows large flow void in the central region, enlarged falcine sinus and drainage to transverse sinuses. It also helps to identify hydrocephalus, as shown in our case.…”

“…The VGAM occurs during the 6 th to the 11 th weeks of gestation, due to the persistence of the median prosencephalic vein (of Markowski). 2,3 That is the precursor of the cerebral magna vein, which remains connected to the choroidal vessels. 2,3 Disease expression may vary from several fistulas, inhibiting cardiac function, to complete asymptomatic patients, incidentally diagnosed at adult age.…”

“…2,3 That is the precursor of the cerebral magna vein, which remains connected to the choroidal vessels. 2,3 Disease expression may vary from several fistulas, inhibiting cardiac function, to complete asymptomatic patients, incidentally diagnosed at adult age. 4 Prenatal diagnosis of VGAM is commonly made during the third trimester, through fetal ultrasound.…”