Velocity Field Measurements over Breakwater Heads under 3D Waves

Damage pattern and damage progression on breakwater roundheads under multidirectional waves

“…Carver and Heimbaugh (1989) observed that, for rock and dolos units, the minimum of stability occurs for a specific value of Iribarren number. The results obtained by Matsumi et al (1996) evidenced that the spatial correlation of velocity magnitudes around the roundhead is much stronger under long waves than under short waves. Burcharth et al (2003) identified a suitable parameter, given by a combination of H s , T m and D n , to characterize the threshold for damage initiation.…”

“…For head radius less than 12 D n the difference in damage between sectors also was reduced. Systematic investigations performed by Matsumi et al (1994Matsumi et al ( , 1996Matsumi et al ( , 1998Matsumi et al ( , 2000 evidenced that the load applied to armour units increased with the directional spreading of the waves. No significant differences in roundhead stability between different types of armour units can be seen for roundhead stability in the investigations by Madrigal and Lozano (1992), who compared Accropodes and parallelepipedic blocks, and Berenguer and Baonza (1999), who compared antifer blocks and hollowed cubes.…”

Stability of Breakwater Roundheads During Construction

“…Vidal et al (1991) and Matsumi et al (1994Matsumi et al ( , 1996Matsumi et al ( , 1998Matsumi et al ( , 2000 and for concrete armour units e.g. Jensen (1984) and Maciñeira and Burcharth (2008).…”