Velocity fluctuations in electrostatically driven granular media

Aranson, Igor S.; Olafsen, Jeffrey

doi:10.1103/physreve.66.061302

Cited by 74 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The exponent 3=2 is observed for certain vigorous driving experiments [4,11]. Non-Maxwellian velocity distributions were also observed in experiments with a variety of geometries and driving conditions [5-10] and in numerical simulations [12 -18].…”

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confidence: 85%

Velocity Distributions of Granular Gases with Drag and with Long-Range Interactions

et al. 2005

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We study velocity statistics of electrostatically driven granular gases. For two different experiments, (i) nonmagnetic particles in a viscous fluid and (ii) magnetic particles in air, the velocity distribution is non-Maxwellian, and its high-energy tail is exponential, P(upsilon) approximately exp(-/upsilon/). This behavior is consistent with the kinetic theory of driven dissipative particles. For particles immersed in a fluid, viscous damping is responsible for the exponential tail, while for magnetic particles, long-range interactions cause the exponential tail. We conclude that velocity statistics of dissipative gases are sensitive to the fluid environment and to the form of the particle interaction.

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confidence: 85%

Velocity Distributions of Granular Gases with Drag and with Long-Range Interactions

et al. 2005

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“…Recent theoretical and experimental studies show that the velocity distributions exhibit anomalous large-velocity statistics with exponential, stretched exponential, and Gaussian tails [6][7][8][22][23][24][25]. Inelastic gases involve significant velocity and spatial correlations in contrast with traditional molecular gases [26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling, multiscaling, and nontrivial exponents in inelastic collision processes

Ben‐Naim

Krapivsky

2002

Phys. Rev. E

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We investigate velocity statistics of homogeneous inelastic gases using the Boltzmann equation. Employing an approximate uniform collision rate, we obtain analytic results valid in arbitrary dimension. In the freely evolving case, the velocity distribution is characterized by an algebraic large velocity tail, P (v, t) ∼ v −σ . The exponent σ(d, ǫ), a nontrivial root of an integral equation, varies continuously with the spatial dimension, d, and the dissipation coefficient, ǫ. Although the velocity distribution follows a scaling form, its moments exhibit multiscaling asymptotic behavior. Furthermore, the velocity autocorrelation function decays algebraically with time, A(t) = v(0)·v(t) ∼ t −α , with a non-universal dissipation-dependent exponent α = 1/ǫ. In the forced case, the steady state Fourier transform is obtained via a cumulant expansion. Even in this case, velocity correlations develop and the velocity distribution is non-Maxwellian.

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“…These nonequilibrium steady states are simplified realizations of granular flows more amenable to analysis, but the insight gained from their study should be helpful in the tackling of other more complex scenarios. One feature that has been consistantly established in experiments is that single particle velocity distribution functions deviate from the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution [25,26,27,28,29,30,31]. In particular, the tails (i.e.…”

Section: Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forcing independent velocity distributions in an experimental granular fluid

2007

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We present experimental results on the velocity statistics of a uniformly heated granular fluid, in a quasi-2D configuration. We find the base state, as measured by the single particle velocity distribution P (c), to be universal over a wide range of filling fractions and only weakly dependent on all other system parameters. There is a consistent overpopulation in the distribution's tails, which scale as P ∝ exp(−A × c −3/2 ). More generally, P (c) deviates from a Maxwell-Boltzmann by a second order Sonine polynomial with a single adjustable parameter, in agreement with recent theoretical analysis of inelastic hard spheres driven by a stochastic thermostat. To our knowledge, this is the first time that Sonine deviations have been measured in an experimental system.

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Velocity fluctuations in electrostatically driven granular media

Cited by 74 publications

References 17 publications

Velocity Distributions of Granular Gases with Drag and with Long-Range Interactions

Velocity Distributions of Granular Gases with Drag and with Long-Range Interactions

Scaling, multiscaling, and nontrivial exponents in inelastic collision processes

Forcing independent velocity distributions in an experimental granular fluid

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