Velvetleaf,Abutilon theophrasti (malvaceae), history and economic impact in the United States

Spencer, N. R.

doi:10.1007/bf02859079

Cited by 122 publications

(108 citation statements)

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“…Life history and allozyme variation were examined in 39 populations of velvetleaf collected from southern Ohio (39'N) to central Ontario (45"N) (Warwick and Black 1986 Studies by Andersen et al (1985) (Spencer 1984). In a 1985 survey ofthe North Central States, velvetleaf was ranked as the major troublesome weed in soybeans by 9 of 14 states (Roeth 1987).…”

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THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 90. Abutilon theophrasti

Warwick¹,

Black²

1988

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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confidence: 99%

“…1984a Studies by Schweizer and Bridge (1982) in paper' etc' (Spencer 1984 (Suominen 1979) and as a contaminant of bird seed into Britain (Hanson and Mason 1985 Andersen et al (1985) indicated that velvetleaf did not reproduce in Alaska with only 88 frost-free days.…”

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THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 90. Abutilon theophrasti

Warwick¹,

Black²

1988

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…dicotyledon and an important weed in crop field (12), were sown in plastic pots (6 cm diameter x 23 cm deep) filled with fine vermiculite on top of a layer of gravel. Pots with 5-d-old seedlings were transferred into a pan containing 4.5 dm3 of a modified half-strength Hoagland solution (3).…”

Section: Materials and Methods Materials And Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of Components of Leaf Water Potential and Water Content in Velvetleaf under the Effects of Long-Term Humidity Difference

Luo¹,

Strain²

1992

Plant Physiol.

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Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.) was grown in growth chambers set at 45 or 85% relative humidity at 300C, CO2 350 microliters per liter and 1000 micromoles per square meter per second of photosynthetically active radiation. Soil water potential was maintained at -0.05 megapascal by subirrigation with half strength Hoagland solution. The third, fourth, and fifth leaves from the base of 21-and 25-day-old plants were used for pressure-volume measurements. Components of leaf water status including water potential (osmotic and potential associated with the apoplast), leaf water content (apoplasmic and symplasmic water), and elastic modulus of leaf tissue were determined. Results indicate: (a) persistent dry air generated leaves with lower water potential at a given relative water content than did humid air, (b) the higher total leaf water content in plants grown in dry air was related to an increase in apoplasmic water, whereas symplasmic water remained similar in both humidity treatments; (c) difference in leaf water potential between low and high humidity treatments was related to decreased potential associated with the apoplast but not to a change in cell wall elasticity.Leaf water potential frequently decreases with increasing transpiration induced by changes in humidity (5,10,11,16). This relationship changes when the measurement is prolonged from short term to a few hours (1), a whole day (4), or a few weeks (6).In our previous work (unpublished data), Abutilon theophrasti grown in humid or dry air showed differences in water potential and changes in the relationship between leaf water content and water potential. Higher water content at a given leaf water potential and notably lower rates of desiccation from detached leaves occurred in plants grown in dry air. When these plants were subjected to soil water stress, a decrease in photosynthesis with declining water potential occurred more rapidly in plants grown in humid air than in dry air. These differences all seem to be related to the effects of long-term low and high humidity treatments on the plants. Similarly, Nagarajah and Schulze (6) watered and water-stressed conditions, a higher RWC3 in the leaves of Vigna unguilata grown in dry air compared with those in humid air.These changes in water relations observed by us and others could be caused by the changes in any of the components of leaf water potential. The increased relative water content could reflect changes in apoplasmic water or changes in symplasmic water. In this study, the pressure-volume approach (14) was used in an attempt to determine the reasons for the changes in water relations of plants developed in longterm exposure to high and low humidities. MATERIALS AND METHODS Material and TreatmentsThe study was carried out at the Duke University Phytotron. Seeds of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.), a C3dicotyledon and an important weed in crop field (12), were sown in plastic pots (6 cm diameter x 23 cm deep) filled with fine vermiculite on top of a layer of gravel. Pots ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…has been cultivated as a fiber crop in China, England, and the United States (Spencer, 1984). Especially, in China, which is thought to be the origin of velvetleaf, usage may date back to 2000 BC or earlier (Spencer, 1984). In Japan, this plant is thought to have been introduced as a fiber crop from China in ancient times and was cultivated all over Japan until about 100 years ago (Fukane, 918;Yoshikawa, 1919).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and morphological differentiation between the crop and weedy types in velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.) using a chloroplast DNA marker: seed source of the present invasive velvetleaf in Japan

et al. 2004

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A comparison of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequences was carried out between the crop and weed types of Abutilon theophrasti to clarify the seed source of the present weedy velvetleaf in Japan. A sequencing analysis of approx. 6% of the chloroplast genome (ca 10 kbp) detected three nucleotide substitutions, one six-base-pair insertion/deletion (indel) and one 30-base pair inversion, which distinguish two haplotypes of cpDNA. A PCR-based survey of the indel and the inversion revealed that the 93 accessions of velvetleaf collected from the world could be divided into two groups. A morphological marker (capsule color) could be used to discriminate the crop type and the weed type, and hence, along with cpDNA haplotype, to distinguish three genotypes (Type I, II, and III). All Japanese cultivars and crop accessions from other countries were Type I. Weed types were divided into Type II and III. All of the samples from the USA, and the samples taken from grain imports to Japan were Type III. Since most of the weedy types distributed in Japan were of Type III, it is argued that they were introduced as seeds in the imported grain. We also found that the Type II plants sporadically occurred in Japan. It is suggested that they originated as hybrids, with indigenous cultivars as the maternal ancestor. Such hybrids must have survived since the cessation of velvetleaf cultivation about a century ago.

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Velvetleaf,Abutilon theophrasti (malvaceae), history and economic impact in the United States

Cited by 122 publications

References 5 publications

THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 90. Abutilon theophrasti

THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 90. Abutilon theophrasti

Alteration of Components of Leaf Water Potential and Water Content in Velvetleaf under the Effects of Long-Term Humidity Difference

Molecular and morphological differentiation between the crop and weedy types in velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.) using a chloroplast DNA marker: seed source of the present invasive velvetleaf in Japan

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