Venous Air Embolism

O'Quin, Ronald J.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1982.00340250139020

Cited by 67 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Consequences of venous gas embolism depend on the rate, the amount, and the nature of the gas introduced [17,18]. The magnitude of physiological distrubances caused by CO 2 is 6.5 times less than that of air because of its higher blood solubility [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental carbon dioxide pulmonary embolization after vena cava laceration under pneumoperitoneum

1995

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The potential for pulmonary embolization following major venous laceration occurring during laparoscopic surgery has never been evaluated. Five anesthetized dogs were hemodynamically monitored with an arterial line and Swan-Ganz catheter. Observation by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) allowed comparison with pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) recording. Under pneumoperitoneum, a 1-cm venotomy was performed in the infrarenal vena cava and a total of 11 events were evaluated upon unclamping the venotomy. These results were compared with intravenous (i.v.) bolus injections of 15 cc of CO2 (15 events) and of 100 cc of CO2 (12 events). The animals were maintained euvolemic. In 2 out of the 11 (18%) events which followed unclamping the venotomies, a few CO2 bubbles were seen in the right heart cavities. However, the quantity of gas was much less important than that seen after i.v. injection of 15 cc and 100 cc of CO2. There was no significant elevation of the PAP from pre-event values after venotomy or after i.v. injection of 15 cc of CO2. However, there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) when these results were compared to the PAP values recorded after i.v. injection of 100 cc of CO2. No dog died after these episodes of embolization. Massive i.v. injection of CO2 (> 300 cc) led to appearance of gas bubbles in the left heart cavities and death. This experiment suggests that caution should be exerted when laparoscopic surgery is performed beside large veins. Nevertheless, the observation that no gas embolism occurred in 82% of the cases after unclamping venotomies was unexpected. In contrast, many more gas bubbles were detected in the right heart after i.v. injection of only 15 cc of CO2. TEE is a more sensitive indicator of pulmonary embolization than elevation of PAP.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental carbon dioxide pulmonary embolization after vena cava laceration under pneumoperitoneum

1995

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Venous air embolism has been described during normal labor, delivery of patients with placenta previa, criminal abortions using air, orogenital sex, and insufflation of the vagina during gynecological procedures, and may account for as many as 1 % of maternal deaths [45][46][47][48][49]. Presumably, the subplacental venous sinuses are the site of air entry when antepartum or peripartum air embolism occurs [45].…”

Section: Causes Of Acute Respiratory Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Presumably, the subplacental venous sinuses are the site of air entry when antepartum or peripartum air embolism occurs [45]. More commonly, venous air embolism occurs during head and neck surgery, neurosurgical procedures, and in association with central venous catheter placement [47,50].…”

Section: Causes Of Acute Respiratory Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypotension is usually followed quickly by respiratory arrest. The classic sign associated with air embolus is the &dquo;mill-wheel murmur,&dquo; which is audible over the precordium [45,47]; a drum-like or bubbling sound may also be heard. Cases have been occasionally reported where air has been shown radiographically in the right side of the heart or the main pulmonary artery [45,51].…”

Section: Causes Of Acute Respiratory Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The volume of the air that is likely to be lethal seems to vary with the rate of infusion and the position of the patient. Any amount greater than 100 ml may cause death, but some patients have survived after infusion of up to 1,600 ml [45,47]. It was initially thought that the bolus of air formed a block in the apical tract of the right ventricle, thus preventing pulmonary blood flow [45].…”

Section: Causes Of Acute Respiratory Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Acute Respiratory Failure in Pregnancy

Hollingsworth¹,

Pratter²,

Irwin³

1989

J Intensive Care Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Acute respiratory failure in pregnancy has multiple etiologies, including thromboembolism, amniotic fluid embolism, venous air embolism, aspiration of gastric contents, respiratory infections, asthma, beta-adrenergic tocolytic therapy, and pneumomediastinum and pneu mothorax. Proper management of acute respiratory fail ure in pregnancy requires an understanding of the specific diseases and the normal gestational changes that occur in maternal respiration (decreased functional re sidual capacity, increased minute ventilation, mild respi ratory alkalosis) and hemodynamics (increased cardiac output, increased blood and plasma volume, unchanged central pressures). Knowledge of the determinants of oxygen delivery to fetal tissue (uterine blood flow, pla cental transfer, fetal circulation) and how they are af fected by changes in maternal hemodynamics, position, acid-base status, and medications can help sustain nor mal fetal development, whenever possible, without compromising maternal care. Diagnostic testing such as radiography, hemodynamic monitoring, and fetal moni toring are considered in terms of attendant risk to the mother or the fetus, alterations in normal values related to gestation, and indications for usage. Similarly, the risks and benefits of supportive and specific therapies for the various etiologies of acute respiratory therapy are reviewed.

show abstract

Air embolism in the right coronary artery occurring during the left coronary angioplasty using the guiding catheter with a side hole

Inoue

Yaguchi

Mizoguchi

et al. 2000

Cathet. Cardiovasc. Intervent.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Coronary air embolism is one of the inadvertent complications of coronary angioplasty. We report two rare cases of complicating air embolism in the right coronary artery occurring during control left coronary angiography using a guiding catheter with a side hole, just prior to a coronary intervention procedure for a left coronary artery lesion. The air seemed to be injected into the right coronary artery through the side hole. When we use an angiographic or guiding catheter with a side hole, we should be aware that an air embolism can occur in the contralateral coronary artery and should carefully and repeatedly perform aspiration of the catheter. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Intervent. 49:331–334, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

show abstract

Venous Air Embolism

Cited by 67 publications

References 39 publications

Experimental carbon dioxide pulmonary embolization after vena cava laceration under pneumoperitoneum

Experimental carbon dioxide pulmonary embolization after vena cava laceration under pneumoperitoneum

Acute Respiratory Failure in Pregnancy

Air embolism in the right coronary artery occurring during the left coronary angioplasty using the guiding catheter with a side hole

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About