Venous malformation of the glans penis: efficacy of treatment with neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser

Surgical Management of Arteriovenous Malformation of the Penis in an Adolescent Boy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…Various methods have been proposed for the management of AVMs [ 1 ]. The application of neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd: YAG) laser has been introduced with good cosmetic results, although residual scarring, meatal retraction, and extended coagulation necrosis further than the target area have been highlighted [ 9 , 10 ]. The second management option is the sclerotherapy, that includes the intralesional injection of a sclerotic agent, usually bleomycin or ethanol [ 11 ].…”

Venous malformation of the glans penis successfully treated with intralesional bleomycin injection

“…Varies treatment modalities have been successfully tried which includes surgical excision (Kaufman, Feber, Palmer, & Freedman, 2010), lasers (Grillo, Boixeda, & Jaen-Olasolo, 2013;Kolte, Ingle, Kolte, & Bhuyar, 2016). Complete excision of the vascular lesion is not always possible and carries a risk of complications such as meatal retraction (Ramos, Pavon, & Barrilero, 1999).…”

Thulium laser coagulation for venous malformations of glans penis

“…Vascular anomalies of the glans penis are very uncommon and have a sparse mention in the literature [1] , [2] , [3] . Nd: YAG laser has been mentioned as a treatment of choice [3] .…”

“…Vascular malformations of the urogenital tract are very rare and those located on the glans penis are still more uncommon [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] . They progressively worsen and do not regress [3] .…”

“…However their use was limited due to high incidence of side effects. Some authors have suggested that Nd: YAG laser should be the first choice of treatment [1] , [2] . It acts by causing coagulation necrosis upto a depth of 4–6 mm from the surface.…”