Ventilação mecânica: evidências para o cuidado de enfermagem

Abstract

Este estudo objetivou avaliar o conhecimento dos enfermeiros sobre ventilação mecânica nas unidades de terapia intensiva (UTIs) de um hospital de referência em Fortaleza. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, quantitativo. A amostra foi constituída por 43 enfermeiros, com aplicação de questionário. A coleta de dados ocorreu em fevereiro e março de 2011. Os dados foram transcritos e tabulados no programa Excel, organizados em tabelas, interpretados e fundamentados com base na literatura pertinente. A maioria dos sujeitos é do sexo feminino (88,4%) e não especialistas em UTI (79,0%); o tempo de atuação em UTI prevaleceu de zero a cinco anos (48,8%). A avaliação da ciclagem do ventilador mecânico a volume não foi satisfatória, 65,1%. A participação do enfermeiro é mínima na definição de parâmetros, extubação, desmame e aspiração. Conclui-se que o enfermeiro necessita ampliar o seu conhecimento em ventilação mecânica, e os programas de treinamentos nesta área devem ser incentivados pelas instituições de trabalho, no intuito de qualificar a assistência de enfermagem a estes pacientes.

Prevention of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation under the optics of nursing academics / Prevenção da pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica sob a ótica de acadêmicos de enfermagem

“…They are, as follows: Category IA: strongly recommended for implementation and strongly supported by well-designed experimental, clinical or epidemiological; Category IB: strongly recommended for implementation and supported by some clinical or epidemiological studies and with strong theoretical foundation; Category IC: required for implementation as stipulated in a federal or state regulation or regulation; Category II: suggested for implementation and supported by suggestive clinical or epidemiological studies or by a strong theoretical foundation; No recommendation and/or not resolved issue. 8 The main assertive answers of all the scholars about the care for the prevention of VAP were interventions related to hand hygiene (94.1%), patient sedation (89.9%), oral hygiene (86.4%) and position of Nasoenteral Catheter (NC) (83%). The responses with the lowest hit rate were related to strict analgesia in abdominal and thoracic surgeries (16.9%), tracheostomy recommendation (27.1%) and sterilization/ disinfection of the internal machinery of the ventilator circuit (31.8%).…”

“…The data collection instrument was elaborated through a literature review based on the recommendations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and ANVISA. 2,8 The instrument was composed of a structured questionnaire containing 15 closed questions, which included the technical-scientific knowledge about the measures aiming to prevent VAP.…”

“…It is noticed that many are not sufficiently prepared to act in a systematized manner and based on theoretical and practical knowledge of patients with MV in ICUs. 8 In this way, this study becomes important in view of the relevant role that the University has in the formation of quality of future health professionals. Based on this problematic, the question that permeates this research is as follows: What is knowledge level of nursing undergraduate students about essential care to prevent VAP?…”

Caracterização clínica dos pacientes sob ventilação mecânica internados em unidade de terapia intensiva / Clinical characterization of patients under mechanical ventilation in an intensive therapy unit

“…1 Given the large number of patients admitted to intensive care units who are using MV, it is essential that nurses have specific technical-scientific knowledge for the development of care, in order to minimize their adverse effects. 2 It is emphasized that in order to have adequate nursing care, the maintenance of the MV should be prioritized by the actions of the nurse. The Federal Nursing Council determines, through the Law No.…”

Lesão de mucosa laringotraqueal e fatores associados após extubação endotraqueal: estudo piloto

“…Handling accidental extubation or self-extubation, and all other actions that result from nursing care of patients with artificial airways must be conducted so as to mitigate any injury due to mechanical ventilation and the maintenance of artificial airways. (6)(7)(8) The knowledge of clinical signs that suggest laryngotracheal injury, in addition to factors associated by the nursing team, is of crucial importance when planning safe intubated patient care. Thus, the objective of the present study was to describe the clinical signs of laryngotracheal mucosa injury and associated factors.…”