Ventilation effect on fire smoke transport in a townhouse building

Lin, Chih‐Sheng; Wang, S.C.; Hung, Chun‐Wei; Hsu, Jui-Pei

doi:10.1002/htj.20127

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…41 The success of these two simulations are well known in the building science field. Many CFD codes that enable the prediction of fire and smoke movement in a building have the option of coupled simulation with the major airflow network model simulations ; Yi et al 45 ; Lin et al 46 ; Nara et al 47 ; Shi et al 48 ; Ohba et al 49 ; Cha 50 ).…”

Section: Smoke and Fire Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of airflow and transport analysis in building using CFD and network model

Kato

2018

Japan Architectural Review

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This paper reviews computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and simulation of a network model of airflow and transport scenarios, as well as their coupled simulation. The network model is a tool to describe the whole and macroscopic characteristics of airflow transport in buildings, where airflow is modeled as a network of one-dimensional flow elements. The flow network model can be solved with comparatively less computational cost; however, all the airflows between nodes should be modeled as one-dimensional. The airflows and their transports in a room are not one-dimensional but three-dimensional. CFD is a convenient tool for analyzing such three-dimensional flows and transports. The equations are non-linear, and their solutions are usually obtained numerically. The CFD analysis requires considerable computation resources and computational time. To analyze the whole and macroscopic characteristics of airflows and their transports in buildings including the space distribution features in a certain room, the two simulations should be carried out simultaneously. In this work, the author reviews the conduction of CFD in a room, network simulation in a whole building, and simulation of their coupling. Further, the author's previous works pertaining to this subject are explained.

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Section: Smoke and Fire Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of airflow and transport analysis in building using CFD and network model

Kato

2018

Japan Architectural Review

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“…Townhouse buildings in Taiwan are generally four-story buildings with stairs connecting each floor. The building can rapidly fill with smoke during a fire due to the stack effect [11,12]. Therefore, this study employs fire models developed by the National Institute of Standard Technology (NIST) and simulates a fire case that occurred in Taiwan to investigate backdraft fire and smoke development in townhouse building fires.…”

Section: Heat Transfer-asian Research 37 (3) 2008mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic simulation of backdraft phenomena in a townhouse building fire

Wang¹,

Lin²,

Yu³

2008

Heat Trans. Asian Res.

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A backdraft is a unique and extremely dangerous fire phenomenon in buildings with limited ventilation. Backdraft can generate the powerful fire and heavy smoke that hinders firefighter rescues and those escaping the fire. This study investigates a deflagration fire and smoke spread in a townhouse fire that occurred in Taiwan. The fire is reconstructed using the CFAST (ver. 6.0.10) zone model, FDS (ver. 4.0.7) field model, and full-scale fire tests for motorcycles. Computational results reasonably agree qualitatively with the post-accident reports. Simulation analysis for backdraft phenomena demonstrated that window size in the limited-ventilation compartment fire influenced smoke leaking from vents, deflagration induction time, and fire intensity from a new opening.

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“…PPV has been applied to compartment fires for blowing out the smoke or toxic gases in the building but with many different views (Ziesler et al, 1994a(Ziesler et al, , 1994bLang and Dixon, 2000;Mowrer, 2001Mowrer, , 2009Svensson, 2001;Svensson and Weling, 2001;Ingason and Fallberg, 2002;Lougheed et al, 2002;Kerber andWalton, 2005, 2006;Ezekoye et al, 2005Ezekoye et al, , 2007Prétrel and Such, 2005;Lin et al, 2006;Kerber, 2007;Kerber and Madrzykowski, 2007;Beal et al, 2009;Guigay et al, 2009;Lu et al, 2011;Lamber and Merci, 2014;Kumm and Ingason, 2014;Zevotek and Kerber 2016). In general, the ventilator is operated in front of appropriate inlet opening to blow smoke and heat out through the exhaust opening.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Positive Pressure Ventilation in Room Fires Using a Small-Scale Model

Yeung

Chow

2019

Heat Trans Res

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Positive Pressure Ventilation (PPV) is commonly used for blowing out smoke and thus enhancing the visibility inside the fire scene. However, there are different views on operating PPV for firefighting and rescue. Ventilation arrangements, which include the locations of PPV and exhaust openings in a room, should be carefully investigated for better understanding of the efficacy of PPV in firefighting. In this study, scale modelling tests in a 1:10 room model were performed to study different ventilation arrangements in using PPV.Experiments of three fire scenarios were conducted, including (i) a single propanol pool fire, (ii) a centre pool fire surrounded by four propanol pools, and (iii) a single pool fire surrounded by wood cribs. Ventilation arrangement was varied to study the temperature changes and fire spread patterns. It is observed that the ventilation arrangements would determine whether PPV is effective in firefighting of room fires. In using PPV, opening the opposite exhaust opening would give a clear environment without fire spread while operating PPV would give a bigger fire in the room when there is no exhaust opening.

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Ventilation effect on fire smoke transport in a townhouse building

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

Review of airflow and transport analysis in building using CFD and network model

Review of airflow and transport analysis in building using CFD and network model

Dynamic simulation of backdraft phenomena in a townhouse building fire

Study of Positive Pressure Ventilation in Room Fires Using a Small-Scale Model

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