Ventilatory, Lactate-Derived and Catecholamine Thresholds During Incremental Treadmill Running: Relationship and Reproducibility

Abstract

Anaerobic threshold as a basic criterion of training recommendation can be estimated by various parameters. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship and the reproducibility of ventilatory, lactate-derived and catecholamine thresholds of an incremental treadmill exercise. Therefore, 11 male subjects underwent two incremental treadmill tests within 7 days. The lactate threshold (LT) was determined at the lowest value of the lactate-equivalent (ratio lactate/performance). The individual anaerobic threshold (IAT) was calculated at LT+1.5 mmol/L lactate. The ventilatory thresholds, using mass-spectrometry, were defined by the V-slope method (AT) and at the deflection point of end-tidal CO2 (ET-CO2) concentration (RCP). The thresholds of epinephrine (TE) and norepinephrine (TNE) were calculated in the manner of LT. The running velocities were highly reproducible at LT (test-retest correlation coefficient r=0.90), IAT (r=0.97), AT (r=0.88) and RCP (r=0.95). By contrast TE (r=0.49) and TNE (r=0.46) showed a poor reproducibility. TE and TNE occurred 5-11% below LT and AT with a low correlation to LT and AT. LT was found 4% below AT, both were correlated with r=0.70 (p<0.01, test 1) and r=0.95 (p<0.01, test 2). IAT occurred 7-8% above RCP, in both tests a close correlation was found between IAT and RCP of r=0.97 (p<0.01). In summary, the ventilatory and lactate-derived thresholds show a high and similar reproducibility, but the catecholamine threshold does not. In the present exercise protocol, there are systematic differences between the lactate-derived and ventilatory thresholds, in spite of a close relationship, and these must be taken into account in recommendations derived for training.

Influence of various preseason training in elite youth soccer players

“…Based on the running velocity at the lactate threshold as well as at the level of v-4mM lactate, Mc Millan et al [11] also demonstrated a significant increase of endurance capacity (1.29 km/h (LT); 1.05 km/h (v-4mM)) of british youth soccer players. His subjects were initially tested at the beginning of the preseason phase after the summer intermission and retested at six time points throughout a soccer season.…”

“…As generally known, submaximal blood lactate assessment is a useful tool for detecting changes in endurance fitness of soccer players [6,11,12]. Some authors even describe determining lactate threshold to possibly be a more sensitive indicator of aerobic endurance performance than determining maximum oxygen uptake (VO 2 max ) [13][14][15][16].…”

Transição metabólica no teste progressivo de pessoas treinadas com musculação e corrida

“…Entre esses fatores, está a economia de corrida (EC) que pode ser definida como o estado estável do VO 2 para uma dada velocidade submáxima ou distância [12][13][14][15] , e na habilidade do sistema neuromuscular em produzir potência durante o exercício 23 (r=0,97), no limiar ventilatório (r=0,88) e no ponto de compensação respirató-ria (r=0.95). Em ambos os testes foi encontrada uma forte correlação (r = 0,97; p < 0,01) entre o limiar anaeróbio individual e o ponto de compensação respiratória 9,12 .…”

“…Em ambos os testes foi encontrada uma forte correlação (r = 0,97; p < 0,01) entre o limiar anaeróbio individual e o ponto de compensação respiratória 9,12 . Diante disso, embora fosse importante mensurar a concentração sanguínea de lactato e bicarbonato durante as fases de transição no TCPE, os estudos citados permitem assumir que a interpretação dos limiares por parâmetros ventilatórios apresenta similitude com os limiares detectados invasivamente.…”

“…), podendo elevar o LAV até cerca de 90% do VO 2MÁX 11 . Entretanto, o desempenho em eventos aeróbios também requer capacidade de se exercitar por tempo prolongado a uma alta percentagem do VO 2MÁX , que é reflexo da eficiência de economia de corrida (EC) [12][13][14][15] , e elevada capacidade de tamponamento [16][17][18] . De fato, a melhoria da EC possibilita aos corredores a manutenção de maiores intensidades de esforço por longos períodos de tempo, o que pode estar relacionado ao menor estresse metabólico, o que reflete diretamente sobre os ajustes na estratégia de corrida 19,20 .…”