Ventral and Dorsal Striatum Networks in Obesity: Link to Food Craving and Weight Gain

Contreras‐Rodríguez, Oren; Martín-Pérez, Cristina; Vilar-López, Raquel; Verdejo-García, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.11.020

Cited by 117 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Although we have successfully eliminated genetic confounding, the cross sectional nature of our study does not allow us to determine whether lower functional connectivity of the putamen, and its associated increased fat intake, is causal to obesity development or, rather, results as a consequence of it. Support for a causal effect of altered connectivity on obesity comes from a previous resting state study which showed that altered functional connectivity between the dorsal striatum and the somatosensory cortex predicted future weight gain [Contreras‐Rodriguez et al, ]. In the context of these findings, the altered functional connectivity of the putamen observed in our study may be explained as a vulnerability factor that might lead to weight gain, possibly through mediating effects of an acquired increased preference for high fat foods.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Overweight is associated with lower resting state functional connectivity in females after eliminating genetic effects: A twin study

Doornweerd

Duinkerken

Geus

et al. 2017

Human Brain Mapping

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Obesity is related to altered functional connectivity of resting state brain networks that are involved in reward and motivation. It is unknown to what extent these associations reflect genetic confounding and whether the obesity-related connectivity changes are associated with differences in dietary intake. In this study, resting state functional MRI was performed after an overnight fast in 16 female monozygotic twin pairs (aged 48.8 ± 9.8 years) with a mean BMI discordance of 3.96 ± 2.1 kg/m (range 0.7-8.2). Functional connectivity of the salience, basal ganglia, default mode and anterior cingulate-orbitofrontal cortex networks was examined by independent component analysis. Dietary intake was assessed using 3-day 24-hour recalls. Results revealed that within the basal ganglia network, heavier versus leaner co-twins have decreased functional connectivity strength in bilateral putamen (P < 0.05, FWE-corrected). There were no differences in connectivity in the other networks examined. In the overall group, lower functional connectivity strength in the left putamen was correlated with higher intake of total fat (P < 0.01). It was concluded that, after eliminating genetic effects, overweight is associated with lower resting state functional connectivity in bilateral putamen in the basal ganglia network. The association between lower putamen connectivity and higher fat intake suggests an important role of the putamen in appetitive mechanisms. The cross-sectional nature of our study cannot discriminate cause and consequence, but the findings are compatible with an effect of lower putamen connectivity on increased BMI and associated higher fat intake. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5069-5081, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Overweight is associated with lower resting state functional connectivity in females after eliminating genetic effects: A twin study

Doornweerd

Duinkerken

Geus

et al. 2017

Human Brain Mapping

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In this vein, human functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown that striatal activity in response to food cues predicts chocolate intake (Lawrence et al, 2012) and weight gain after a follow-up period varying between 6 months and 3 years (Stice et al, 2008;Demos et al, 2012;Geha et al, 2013) but see (Stice & Yokum, 2018). Functional connectivity between the dorsal striatum and somatosensory cortex has also been associated with food cravings in situ and it seems to predict prospective changes in BMI (Contreras-Rodr ıguez et al, 2017).…”

Section: Reward Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncontrolled eating: a unifying heritable trait linked with obesity, overeating, personality and the brain

Vainik

García‐García

Dagher

2019

Eur J of Neuroscience

149

130

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Many eating‐related psychological constructs have been proposed to explain obesity and overeating. However, these constructs, including food addiction, disinhibition, hedonic hunger, emotional eating, binge eating and the like all have similar definitions, emphasizing loss of control over intake. As questionnaires measuring the constructs correlate strongly (r > 0.5) with each other, we propose that these constructs should be reconsidered to be part of a single broad phenotype: uncontrolled eating. Such an approach enables reviewing and meta‐analysing evidence obtained with each individual questionnaire. Here, we describe robust associations between uncontrolled eating, body mass index (BMI), food intake, personality traits and brain systems. Reviewing cross‐sectional and longitudinal data, we show that uncontrolled eating is phenotypically and genetically intertwined with BMI and food intake. We also review evidence on how three psychological constructs are linked with uncontrolled eating: lower cognitive control, higher negative affect and a curvilinear association with reward sensitivity. Uncontrolled eating mediates all three constructs’ associations with BMI and food intake. Finally, we review and meta‐analyse brain systems possibly subserving uncontrolled eating: namely, (i) the dopamine mesolimbic circuit associated with reward sensitivity, (ii) frontal cognitive networks sustaining dietary self‐control and (iii) the hypothalamus‐pituitary‐adrenal axis, amygdala and hippocampus supporting stress reactivity. While there are limits to the explanatory and predictive power of the uncontrolled eating phenotype, we conclude that treating different eating‐related constructs as a single concept, uncontrolled eating, enables drawing robust conclusions on the relationship between food intake and BMI, psychological variables and brain structure and function.

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“…A resting-state fMRI study showed increased functional connectivity between striatal reward network regions and self-referential default mode network regions (medial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and angular gyrus), insula, and somatosensory cortex in overweight subjects (BMI > 25) relative to healthy controls. In addition, food-craving scores were positively correlated with the increased functional connectivity in the dorsal striatum (Contreras-Rodriguez, Martin-Perez, Vilar-Lopez, & Verdejo-Garcia, 2015). As suggested by the authors, the presence of increased connectivity in the dorsal striatal network observed in obese, but not normal weight subjects, provide evidence for neural adaptations in brain reward circuitry that may contribute to addictive eating.…”

Section: Factors That Lead To the Formation Of Famentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological and Neurobiological Correlates of Food Addiction

Kalon

Hong

Tobin

et al. 2016

International Review of Neurobiology

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Food addiction (FA) is loosely defined as hedonic eating behavior involving the consumption of highly palatable foods (ie, foods high in salt, fat, and sugar) in quantities beyond homeostatic energy requirements. FA shares some common symptomology with other pathological eating disorders, such as binge eating. Current theories suggest that FA shares both behavioral similarities and overlapping neural correlates to other substance addictions. Although preliminary, neuroimaging studies in response to food cues and the consumption of highly palatable food in individuals with FA compared to healthy controls have shown differing activation patterns and connectivity in brain reward circuits including regions such as the striatum, amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, insula, and nucleus accumbens. Additional effects have been noted in the hypothalamus, a brain area responsible for regulating eating behaviors and peripheral satiety networks. FA is highly impacted by impulsivity and mood. Chronic stress can negatively affect hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis functioning, thus influencing eating behavior and increasing desirability of highly palatable foods. Future work will require clearly defining FA as a distinct diagnosis from other eating disorders.

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Ventral and Dorsal Striatum Networks in Obesity: Link to Food Craving and Weight Gain

Abstract: Obesity is linked to alterations in the functional connectivity of dorsal striatal networks relevant to food craving and weight gain. These neural alterations are associated with habit learning and thus compatible with the food addiction model of obesity.

Cited by 117 publications

References 56 publications

Overweight is associated with lower resting state functional connectivity in females after eliminating genetic effects: A twin study

Overweight is associated with lower resting state functional connectivity in females after eliminating genetic effects: A twin study

Uncontrolled eating: a unifying heritable trait linked with obesity, overeating, personality and the brain

Psychological and Neurobiological Correlates of Food Addiction

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