Ventricular enlargement and premorbid deficits in school-occupational attainment in a high risk sample

Erel, Osnat; Cannon, Tyrone D.; Hollister, J. Meggin; Mednick, Sarnoff A.; Parnas, Josef

doi:10.1016/0920-9964(91)90009-g

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Postmortem studies as well as first-episode and longitudinal computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of schizophrenic patients have shown brain abnormalities, ventricular enlargement and loss of cortical volume as the most consistent findings [2][3][4][5]. These brain abnormalities are reported as nonprogressive and support a neurodevelopmental origin of schizophrenia [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Neurodevelopmental Schizophrenia: Obstetric Complications, Birth Weight, Premorbid Social Withdrawal and Learning Disabilities

et al. 2001

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Neurodevelopmental schizophrenia seems to be caused by impaired cerebral development and is supposed to be associated with obstetric complications (OCs), poor premorbid adjustment, schizotypal or schizoid personality traits and negative symptoms. In the present study, 36 schizophrenic and schizoaffective patients and their same-sex, healthy siblings were recruited. They were diagnosed according to DSM-III-R, using structured psychiatric interviews and a consensus of 2 psychiatrists. Information on OCs, birth weight, premorbid social and learning functioning was obtained from their mothers. The main results show significant differences in OCs, birth weight, premorbid social and learning functioning between patients and their same-sex, healthy siblings. Using multivariate analyses, both premorbid variables were again identified to discriminate well between affected and unaffected siblings. Our findings seem to confirm the concept of schizophrenia as a neurodevelopmental process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Neurodevelopmental Schizophrenia: Obstetric Complications, Birth Weight, Premorbid Social Withdrawal and Learning Disabilities

et al. 2001

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“…We would emphasize that none of the variables included in this analysis is a direct measure of structural brain abnormalities, and thus the' neurodevelopmental' label is presumptive. However, some support for our use of the label comes from studies showing an association between poor pre-morbid functioning (and negative symptomatology) and structural brain abnormalities in schizophrenia (see Weinberger et al 1980;Pearlson et al 1985Pearlson et al , 1989Orel et al 1991), as well as the fact that schizophrenic males (and expressly young males) appear most likely to show such abnormalities on neuroimaging investigations (see Andreasen, 1990; reviewed by . To address this question definitively, a prospective study including measures of structural brain abnormalities would be required.…”

Section: The Interpretation Of the Latent Classesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The subtyping of schizophrenia in men and women: a latent class analysis

Castle¹,

Sham²,

Wessely³

et al. 1994

Psychol. Med.

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SynopsisLatent class analysis on an epidemiologically based series of 447 first contact patients with a broad diagnosis of schizophrenia revealed evidence for two subtypes: a ‘neurodevelopmental’ type characterized by early onset, poor pre-morbid social adjustment, restricted affect and a male: female ratio of 7:3; and a ‘paranoid’ type characterized by later onset, persecutory delusions and an almost equal sex ratio. A third ‘schizoaffective’ subtype, whose existence was less clear cut, was almost entirely confined to females and characterized by dysphoria and persecutory delusions, and had negligible familial risk of schizophrenia. The aetiological, biological and clinical significance of this typology remains to be tested.

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“…It has also been shown that greater ventricular enlargement predicts poorer outcome (DeLisi et al 1983; Williams et al 1985). Similarly, poor premorbid social adjustment has also been associated with poorer outcome (Zigler and Phillips 1961; Hersen and Bellack 1976) and greater brain ventricular size (Weinberger et al 1980; DeLisi et al 1983; Erel et al 1991). Thus, age of onset may determine the degree to which brain structural change and cognitive impairments lead to a poor outcome.…”

Section: Age Of Onset Outcome and Brain Morphological Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Significance of Age of Onset for Schizophrenia

DeLisi

1992

Schizophrenia Bulletin

236

105

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Age of onset is the single most important characteristic of schizophrenia that could yield clues to its origin. To identify the age of onset, however, the onset of the pathological process must be determined. This process may have more than one component occurring at distinctly different times in the life of an individual. Nevertheless, many studies, using either the first appearance of psychosis or the age of first hospitalization, have found gender, familial, and other "age of onset" differences among patients with schizophrenia. These differences may aid in examining genetic mechanisms for schizophrenia.

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Ventricular enlargement and premorbid deficits in school-occupational attainment in a high risk sample

Cited by 13 publications

References 9 publications

Neurodevelopmental Schizophrenia: Obstetric Complications, Birth Weight, Premorbid Social Withdrawal and Learning Disabilities

Neurodevelopmental Schizophrenia: Obstetric Complications, Birth Weight, Premorbid Social Withdrawal and Learning Disabilities

The subtyping of schizophrenia in men and women: a latent class analysis

The Significance of Age of Onset for Schizophrenia

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