Ventricular Tachycardia in Non‐Compaction of Left Ventricle: Is This a Frequent Complication?

Fazio, Giovanni; Corrado, Giovanni; Zachara, Elisabetta; Rapezzi, C.; Sulafa, Ali K.; Sutera, Loredana; Pizzuto, Caterina; Stöllberger, Claudia; Sormani, Luca; Finsterer, Joseph; Benatar, Abraham; Gesaro, Gabriele Di; Cascio, Caterina; Cangemi, Debora; Çavuşoğlu, Yüksel; Baumhäkel, Magnus; Drago, Fabrizio; Carerj, Scipione; Pipitone, Salvatore; Novo, Salvatore

doi:10.1111/j.1540-8159.2007.00706.x

Cited by 47 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Despite early reports suggesting a high incidence of ventricular tachycardia in patients with LVNC, a recent study on 238 LVNC patients demonstrated only 4.2% incidence of ventricular tachycardia, although RV function was not evaluated in either of the studies [1,7]. RV dysfunction has been associated with increased incidence of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…LVNC has also been associated with increased risk of thromboembolic events due to stasis of blood flow in the inter-trabecular recesses of non-compacted myocardium and an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death [1,4,5]. However, there are reports that LVNC alone may not fully explain the adverse clinical outcomes [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Clinical significance of right ventricular dysfunction in left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy

Leung

Elayi

Charnigo

et al. 2011

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging

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Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is described as the persistence of trabeculated myocardium in the left ventricle (LV) and is optimally assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Right ventricular (RV) involvement in LVNC remains poorly studied. Consecutive patients (N = 14) diagnosed with LVNC by CMR were studied. Their clinical data were analyzed. In addition, CMR assessment included quantification of LV and RV volumes, mass, ejection fraction (EF), LV wall motion score, LV non-compacted segments and non-compacted to compacted myocardium ratios. Average age of presentation was 33.1 ± 17.6 years old, with 9 males (64%). Of these patients, 7 (50%) presented with acute heart failure and 3 (21%) with syncope, including 1 documented ventricular tachycardia. RV EF < 35% was identified in 7 (50%) of these patients. Patients with RV EF < 35% presented at a higher median New York Heart Association class (1 [IQR 1-2] vs. 3 [IQR 2-4], P = 0.021) and had significantly lower LV EF (50.7% ± 15.4 vs. 21.8% ± 19.9, P = 0.029), higher LV end diastolic (100.9 ml/m(2) ± 22.3 vs. 159.1 ml/m(2) ± 36.0, P = 0.002) and systolic volume indices (52.0 ml/m(2) ± 25.8 vs. 129.1 ml/m(2) ± 48.4, P = 0.002), higher LV wall motion score index (1.3 ± 0.5 vs. 2.2 ± 0.6, P = 0.004) and higher ratio of LV non-compacted to compacted myocardium (3.3 ± 0.6 vs. 4.1 ± 0.8, P = 0.026). All 4 patients that had ventricular tachycardia also had RV dysfunction. RV dysfunction was present in half of patients with LVNC. Significant RV dysfunction seems to be a marker of advanced LVNC and may carry a worse prognosis. Further studies in a larger sample of patients are needed to confirm those observations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Clinical significance of right ventricular dysfunction in left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy

Leung

Elayi

Charnigo

et al. 2011

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging

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“…Up to 1998, no more than 69 known or probable cases of HC had been described in the medical literature [2]. Several clinical studies of VNC [15][16][17][18] and one autopsy series of 12 children and two adults with VNC have been published [12]. It can be conceived that several additional cases have not been published, and an unknown number might have been overlooked.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Histiocytoid cardiomyopathy and ventricular non-compaction in a case of sudden death in a female infant

Edston

Perskvist²

2008

Int J Legal Med

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A case of sudden infant death with histiocytoid cardiomyopathy and ventricular non-compaction was investigated with immunohistochemical methods. Histiocytoid cardiomyopathy is thought to be a developmental defect of the cardiomyocytes of the conduction system. In contrast to mature cardiomyocytes, the histiocytoid cells showed only weak reactions to desmin and myosin antibodies. They lacked cross-striation but reacted strongly to enolase and myoglobin antibodies. The protein Pax-7, seen only in cells undergoing differentiation, and the proliferation marker Ki-67 were not expressed in the histiocytoid cells. In areas of altered myocardium, clusters of CD4-, CD8-, and CD68-positive inflammatory cells were seen as well an abundance of mast cells. With the TUNEL method, it was found that many of the histiocytoid cells were undergoing apoptosis. Our results confirm that the histiocytoid cells are defective cardiomyocytes. The apoptotic and inflammatory changes point to a degenerative process rather than defective maturation of cardiomyocytes as has been suggested in some earlier studies. Ventricular non-compaction is a developmental defect of the subendocardial tissue with hypertrabeculation and weak development of the papillary muscles. Only one case combined with histiocytoid cardiomyopathy has been described previously. A causal connection between the two conditions cannot be established until more cases have been analyzed.

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“…It is uncommon to encounter IVNC as an underlying structural abnormality in a patient with VT. 6 Nevertheless, ventricular arrhythmia is the frequent complication in IVNC patients on long-term follow-up. 7,8 The incidence is variably reported as 4.6% in 238 IVNC patients at 6 months of follow-up by Fazio Ge et al 7 and 41% in 34 IVNC patients at 44 months of follow-up by Oechslin et al 8 The precise mechanism of ventricular arrhythmia is not clear. A relatively decreased perfusion and ischaemia-related fibrosis at sub-endocardial non-compacted area has been postulated as the cause of electrical inhomogeneity and micro-reentry resulting into ventricular tachycardia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolated left ventricular non-compaction in association with ventricular tachycardia

Vijayvergiya

Yadav

Subramaniyan

2012

Indian Heart Journal

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A 32-year-old young male was found to have non-sustained, repetitive, monomorphic ventricular tachycardia of right bundle branch morphology during routine pre-anaesthetic evaluation for orthopaedic surgery. Echocardiography and left ventricular angiogram were suggestive of isolated non-compaction of left ventricular apex with systolic dysfunction. He was successfully managed with anti-arrhythmic drugs and had an uneventful 9-month follow-up. The index case is an unusual association of asymptomatic, non-sustained ventricular tachycardia with isolated ventricular non-compaction.

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Ventricular Tachycardia in Non‐Compaction of Left Ventricle: Is This a Frequent Complication?

Abstract: Non-compaction alone does not seem to be a risk factor for malignant ventricular arrhythmias.

Cited by 47 publications

References 6 publications

Clinical significance of right ventricular dysfunction in left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy

Clinical significance of right ventricular dysfunction in left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy

Histiocytoid cardiomyopathy and ventricular non-compaction in a case of sudden death in a female infant

Isolated left ventricular non-compaction in association with ventricular tachycardia

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