Venus’ internal structure, temperature and core composition

Aitta, A.

doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2012.01.007

Cited by 64 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Consequently, as shown in Fig. 8, we underestimate core radius to 0 ≤ R c ≤ 2810 km (95% credible interval) compared to the independent estimates of Aitta et al (2012). Generally, R c is well constrained, while the mantle composition (Si , Fe/Si and Mg/Si ) is only moderately to weakly constrained.…”

Section: Marsmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Can we constrain the interior structure of rocky exoplanets from mass and radius measurements?

Dorn

Khan

Heng

et al. 2015

A&A

285

355

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Aims. We present an inversion method based on Bayesian analysis to constrain the interior structure of terrestrial exoplanets, in the form of chemical composition of the mantle and core size. Specifically, we identify what parts of the interior structure of terrestrial exoplanets can be determined from observations of mass, radius, and stellar elemental abundances. Methods. We perform a full probabilistic inverse analysis to formally account for observational and model uncertainties and obtain confidence regions of interior structure models. This enables us to characterize how model variability depends on data and associated uncertainties. Results. We test our method on terrestrial solar system planets and find that our model predictions are consistent with independent estimates. Furthermore, we apply our method to synthetic exoplanets up to 10 Earth masses and up to 1.7 Earth radii, and to exoplanet Kepler-36b. Importantly, the inversion strategy proposed here provides a framework for understanding the level of precision required to characterize the interior of exoplanets. Conclusions. Our main conclusions are (1) observations of mass and radius are sufficient to constrain core size; (2) stellar elemental abundances (Fe, Si, Mg) are principal constraints to reduce degeneracy in interior structure models and to constrain mantle composition; (3) the inherent degeneracy in determining interior structure from mass and radius observations does not only depend on measurement accuracies, but also on the actual size and density of the exoplanet. We argue that precise observations of stellar elemental abundances are central in order to place constraints on planetary bulk composition and to reduce model degeneracy. We provide a general methodology of analyzing interior structures of exoplanets that may help to understand how interior models are distributed among star systems. The methodology we propose is sufficiently general to allow its future extension to more complex internal structures including hydrogen-and water-rich exoplanets.

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Section: Marsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Detailed independent analyses of the mantle composition of Venus are not yet available. Aitta et al (2012), e.g., impose an Earth-like mantle composition and find that the composition of Venus' core is likely enriched in lighter elements above that of Earth's core to fit mass and radius. Consequently, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Marsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can we constrain the interior structure of rocky exoplanets from mass and radius measurements?

Dorn

Khan

Heng

et al. 2015

A&A

285

355

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“…1) (Aitta, 2012;Smith et al, 2012;Stevenson, 2001), causes convection in the mantle with a high Rayleigh number. Since mantle viscosity strongly depends on temperature (e.g., Karato and Wu, 1993), the top thermal boundary layer, the lithosphere, is very viscous and stiff.…”

Section: Two Types Of Earth's Crusts: a Consequence Of Plate Tectonicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the Earth as an andesite planet: water, plate tectonics, and delamination of anti-continent

2015

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The Earth is unique in our solar system in having a buoyant, highland-forming continental crust with a differentiated, andesitic composition; thus, it can be referred to as an "andesite planet." Andesitic magmatism is associated with convergent plate margins such as subduction zones, leading to a broad consensus that this setting has been the major site of continental crust formation. However, while andesites are dominant in mature continental arcs, they are subordinate in juvenile oceanic arcs, resulting in a great conflict regarding the creation of the continental crust. We focused on the Izu-Bonin-Mariana arc to assess this problem, as it is a juvenile intra-oceanic arc with a mid-crustal layer that has a seismic velocity identical to that of the bulk continental crust. Petrological modeling of the production of andesitic melts by the mixing of mantle-derived basalt with crust-derived, rhyolite magmas successfully reproduced the crust/mantle structure observed in seismic profiles of the Izu-Bonin-Mariana arc. As a result, we presented a challenging hypothesis: the continent was created in the ocean. One key mechanism that differentiates initial basaltic arc crust to evolved, andesitic continental crust may be the delamination of SiO 2 -depleted residues of crustal melting, termed "anti-continent," from the arc crust.

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“…In particular, the knowledge of electrical conductivities in the WDM region is of paramount interest to model, e.g., the magnetic field generation in the interior of planets and stars [8,9]. These fields are induced by WDM fluid streams composed of metals in case of rocky planets [10,11] and metallic hydrogen in case of Jovian planets [12,13]. Their magnetic fields are strongly dependent on the electrical conductivity of these streams [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolving electrical conductivities from collisionally damped plasmons in isochorically heated warm dense aluminum

Sperling

Fletcher

Chung

et al. 2016

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We measure the highly-resolved inelastic x-ray scattering spectrum of isochorically ultrafast heated aluminum. In the x-ray forward scattering spectra the electron temperature could be measured from the down-and upshifted plasmon, where the electron density of ne = 1.8 × 10 23 cm −3 is known a priori. We have studied the plasmon damping by applying electron-particle collision models beyond the Born approximation determining the electrical conductivity of warm dense aluminum.

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Venus’ internal structure, temperature and core composition

Cited by 64 publications

References 34 publications

Can we constrain the interior structure of rocky exoplanets from mass and radius measurements?

Can we constrain the interior structure of rocky exoplanets from mass and radius measurements?

Evolution of the Earth as an andesite planet: water, plate tectonics, and delamination of anti-continent

Resolving electrical conductivities from collisionally damped plasmons in isochorically heated warm dense aluminum

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