Veränderungen der Sexualität unter Antiandrogenbehandlung

Appelt, H.; Strauß, B.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-69616-9_8

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Regarding males, the research may be summarized as follows: Studies of nonhuman primates have shown that, although a minority of castrated male animals remain sexually active (albeit nearly always at reduced levels), most exhibit dramatic declines in sexual activities following removal of the testes (Loy, 1971, p. 9; Phoenix, 1973; Wilson, Plant, & Michael, 1972; Wilson & Vessey, 1968). Similar observations have come from studying numerous other mammalian species (Young, 1961) and from studying humans as well (Appelt & Strauss, 1988; Ford & Beach, 1951; Wille & Beier, 1989). Because the testes are the primary organ involved in testosterone production (the adrenals and ovaries produce fairly small quantities), it is reasonable to believe that testosterone is involved in sexual motivation.Recent research among teenage boys has shown that testosterone levels in the blood are significantly positively correlated with sexual motivation and with sexual behavior to a significant degree (Udry & Billy, 1987; Udry, Billy, Morris, Groff, & Raj, 1985).…”

Section: The Synthesized Theory Of Rapesupporting

confidence: 59%

A synthesized (biosocial) theory of rape.

Ellis¹

1991

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

142

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Features of contemporary theories of rape are integrated with information on neurohormonal variables to formulate a synthesized theory of rape. It consists of four propositions: (a) Rape is motivated by two largely unlearned drives (a sex drive and a drive to possess and control). (b) Natural selection has favored men who more readily learn forced copulatory tactics than women and women who are more inclined than men to resist forced copulations. (c) The tendency to use forced copulatory tactics is largely a function of the strength of an individual's sex drive plus estimates of the probability of success minus the probability of being punished, divided by sensitivity to aversive stimuli. (d) Genes that have evolved primarily on the Y chromosome affect neurohormonal functioning in ways that alter the strength of the sex drive and sensitivity to aversive stimuli and thereby affect individual probabilities of committing rape.

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Section: The Synthesized Theory Of Rapesupporting

confidence: 59%

A synthesized (biosocial) theory of rape.

Ellis¹

1991

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

142

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“…The Hamburg Drawing Body Scale . This scale measures the satisfaction with different body-parts with the help of a schematic drawing [3]. …”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Hamburg Drawing Body Scale . This scale measures the satisfaction with different body-parts with the help of a schematic drawing [3]. Psychological functioning/psychiatric comorbidity of applicants:The SCL-90-R, Symptom Checklist , assessing self-reported psychological burden on nine symptom scales: somatisation, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoneuroticism [11].…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A European network for the investigation of gender incongruence: The ENIGI initiative

Kreukels¹,

Haraldsen²,

Cuypere³

et al. 2012

European Psychiatry

135

104

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Studies on diagnostic subtypes of gender identity disorder (GID) or gender incongruence (GI), comorbidity and treatment outcome show considerable variability in results. Clinic/country specific factors may account for the contradictory results, but these factors have never been studied. This article is the first of a series reporting on a unique collaborative study of four European gender identity clinics (the European network for the investigation of gender incongruence [ENIGI]). Here, we present the diagnostic procedures of the four clinics (Amsterdam, Ghent, Hamburg, and Oslo), the standard battery of instruments, and the first results regarding applicants with GI who seek treatment. Applicants in the four clinics did not differ in living situation, employment status, sexual orientation, and age of onset of GI feelings. However, the Amsterdam and Ghent clinic were visited by a majority of natal males, whereas Hamburg and Oslo see more natal females. Male applicants were older than female applicants within each country, but female applicants in one country were sometimes older than male applicants in another country. Also, educational level differed between applicants of the four clinics. These data indicate that certain sociodemographic and/or cultural characteristics of applicants have to be taken into account in future studies.

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“…The pictorial measure Hamburg Body Drawing Scale (HBDS) was used to assess body satisfaction (Appelt & Strauß, 1988 ; Becker et al, 2016 ). Participants were given a visualized body figure drawing and asked to rate their satisfaction with 35 body features (e.g., chin, shoulders, and height) and their overall appearance on a 5-point scale (from 1 = “very dissatisfied” to 5 = “very satisfied”).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binary and Non-binary Gender Identities, Internalizing Problems, and Treatment Wishes Among Adolescents Referred to a Gender Identity Clinic in Germany

et al. 2023

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Clinical research on transgender and gender-nonconforming (TGNC) adolescents has focused on binary individuals or often not differentiated among gender identities. Recent studies suggest that a considerable proportion of TGNC adolescents identify as non-binary and that these youth report more internalizing problems as well as different transition-related medical treatment wishes than binary adolescents. However, the results are inconclusive, and data for the German-speaking area are lacking. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the percentage of binary and non-binary gender identities in a German sample of clinically referred TGNC adolescents and examine associations of gender identity with internalizing problems and transition-related medical treatment wishes. The sample consisted of 369 adolescents (11–18 years, Mage = 15.43; 305 birth-assigned female, 64 birth-assigned male) who attended the Hamburg Gender Identity Service for children and adolescents (Hamburg GIS) between 2013 and 2019. Gender identity and treatment wishes were assessed using study-specific items and internalizing problems using the Youth Self-Report. In total, 90% (n = 332) of the sample identified as binary and 10% (n = 37) as non-binary. Having a non-binary gender identity was significantly associated with more internalizing problems and with wishing for no transition-related medical treatment or only puberty-suppressing hormones. The results underscore that non-binary adolescents represent a specifically vulnerable subgroup within TGNC adolescents with unique mental health needs and treatment wishes. Future research should differentiate among various gender identities. In clinical practice, it is crucial to create an inclusive space for non-binary youth and provide mental health care if needed.

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Veränderungen der Sexualität unter Antiandrogenbehandlung

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

A synthesized (biosocial) theory of rape.

A synthesized (biosocial) theory of rape.

A European network for the investigation of gender incongruence: The ENIGI initiative

Binary and Non-binary Gender Identities, Internalizing Problems, and Treatment Wishes Among Adolescents Referred to a Gender Identity Clinic in Germany

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