Verantwortung für das eigene Denken und Handeln übernehmen: Impulse zur Förderung von kritischem Denken in der Lehre

Jahn, Dirk

doi:10.1007/978-3-658-25740-8_2

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…Secondly, the program that is built on this concept must also recognize and methodologically resolve its limits. In this way, the CT can move to dimensions that are different from the logical-epistemological, where argumentation has prevailed as a keyword (Jahn and Kenner 2019;Jahn and Kenner 2018;Saiz 2017Saiz , 2020. Without detracting from other programs that have focused all their efforts on theories of argumentation (Morrow and Weston 2016;van Gelder 2015;Walton 2000) with exceptional achievements, making it one of the skills with the most consensus in evaluative criteria, the concept of CT we are looking for must have a different gravitational axis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Thinking: The ARDESOS-DIAPROVE Program in Dialogue with the Inference to the Best and Only Explanation

Guamanga,

González,

Saiz

et al. 2023

J. Intell.

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In our daily lives, we are often faced with the need to explain various phenomena, but we do not always select the most accurate explanation. For example, let us consider a “toxic” relationship with physical and psychological abuse, where one of the partners is reluctant to end it. Explanations for this situation can range from emotional or economic dependency to irrational hypotheses such as witchcraft. Surprisingly, some people may turn to the latter explanation and consequently seek ineffective solutions, such as visiting a witch doctor instead of a psychologist. This choice of an inappropriate explanation can lead to actions that are not only ineffective but potentially harmful. This example underscores the importance of inference to the best explanation (IBE) in everyday decision making. IBE involves selecting the hypothesis that would best explain the available body of data or evidence, a process that is crucial to making sound decisions but is also vulnerable to bias and errors of judgment. Within this context, the purpose of our article is to explore how the IBE process and the selection of appropriate explanations impact decision making and problem solving in real life. To this end, we systematically analyze the role of IBE in the ARDESOS-DIAPROVE program, evaluating how this approach can enhance the teaching and practice of critical thinking.

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