Verbessertes Druckaufschlußsystem für biologische und anorganische Materialien

Heinrichs, Hartmut; Brumsack, Hans‐Jürgen; Loftfield, Norman; König, Nils

doi:10.1002/jpln.19861490313

Cited by 180 publications

(88 citation statements)

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“…Accuracy of the initial ICP-OES results was checked by digestion and analysis of a subset of 28 samples at IOW together with the international reference material SGR-1b (USGS). A total of 50 mg of dried and ground sediment was first treated in open Teflon vessels (PDS-6; Heinrichs et al, 1986) with 1 mL HNO 3 (65 %) at 60 • C for 1 h to oxidize OM. After addition of 2 mL concentrated HF and 2 mL concentrated HClO 4 , the closed vessels were heated at 180 • C for 12 h. After evaporation of the acids on a hot plate at 180 • C, the digestions were fumed off 3 times with 6 M HCl, re-dissolved in 25 ml 2 vol % HNO 3 , and finally measured by ICP-OES (iCAP 7300 Duo, Thermo Fisher Scientific) for K and Ti using Sc as internal standard.…”

Section: Major and Trace Element Contentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 1500-year multiproxy record of coastal hypoxia from the northern Baltic Sea indicates unprecedented deoxygenation over the 20th century

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The anthropogenically forced expansion of coastal hypoxia is a major environmental problem affecting coastal ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles throughout the world. The Baltic Sea is a semi-enclosed shelf sea whose central deep basins have been highly prone to deoxygenation during its Holocene history, as shown previously by numerous paleoenvironmental studies. However, long-term data on past fluctuations in the intensity of hypoxia in the coastal zone of the Baltic Sea are largely lacking, despite the significant role of these areas in retaining nutrients derived from the catchment. Here we present a 1500-year multiproxy record of near-bottom water redox changes from the coastal zone of the northern Baltic Sea, encompassing the climatic phases of the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA), the Little Ice Age (LIA), and the Modern Warm Period (MoWP). Our reconstruction shows that although multicentennial climate variability has modulated the depositional conditions and delivery of organic matter (OM) to the basin the modern aggravation of coastal hypoxia is unprecedented and, in addition to gradual changes in the basin configuration, it must have been forced by excess human-induced nutrient loading. Alongside the anthropogenic nutrient input, the progressive deoxygenation since the beginning of the 1900s was fueled by the combined effects of gradual shoaling of the basin and warming climate, which amplified sediment focusing and increased the vulnerability to hypoxia. Importantly, the eutrophication of coastal waters in our study area began decades earlier than previously thought, leading to a marked aggravation of hypoxia in the 1950s. We find no evidence of similar anthropogenic forcing during the MCA. These results have implications for the assessment of reference conditions for coastal water quality. Furthermore, this study highlights the need for combined use of sedimentological, ichnological, and geochemical proxies in order to robustly reconstruct subtle redox shifts especially in dynamic, non-euxinic coastal settings with strong seasonal contrasts in the bottom water quality.

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Section: Major and Trace Element Contentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 1500-year multiproxy record of coastal hypoxia from the northern Baltic Sea indicates unprecedented deoxygenation over the 20th century

et al. 2018

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“…The plants were irrigated as necessary. The elemental composition and pH of the experimental plots were determined at harvest by analyzing soil from amended and untreated plots by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (Spectro Analytical Instrument, GmbH, Boschstrasse, Kleve, Germany, as described by Heinrichs et al 1986) Gafur et al 2004). For the liquid culture, agar and malt extract were omitted from the medium.…”

Section: Plant Materials and Air Exposure After Root Liftingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amelioration of planting stress by soil amendment with a hydrogel–mycorrhiza mixture for early establishment of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seedlings

Beniwal

Hooda

Polle

2011

Annals of Forest Science

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“…At each harvest, shoots were separated from roots by cutting with scissors and the plant parts dried at 105°C (24 h). The dried samples were weighed, ground, and a subsample (200 mg) was digested with 4 mL HNO 3 (65 %) at 180°C under pressure (1.0-1.7 MPa) in an oven for 10 h (Heinrichs et al 2007). Digests were analyzed for Cd concentration using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy FAAS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium uptake kinetics and plants factors of shoot Cd concentration

Stritsis

Claassen

2012

Plant Soil

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Background and aims Accumulation of Cd in the shoots of plants grown on Cd contaminated soils shows considerable variation. A previous preliminary experiment established that one major reason for this variation was the rate of Cd influx into the roots (mol Cd cm −2 root s −1 ). However, this experiment did not distinguish between solubilization of soil Cd on the one hand and difference in Cd uptake kinetics on the other. The main objectives of the present study were thus to characterize Cd uptake kinetics of plants continuously exposed to Cd concentrations similar to those encountered in soils. Furthermore we determined the factors responsible for differences in shoot Cd concentration such as net Cd influx, root areashoot dry weight ratio, shoot growth rate and proportion of Cd translocated to the shoot. Materials and methods Maize, sunflower, flax and spinach were grown in nutrient solution with five constant Cd concentrations varying from 0 to 1.0 μmolL −1 . Root and shoot parameters as well as Cd uptake were determined at two harvest dates and from these data Cd net influx and shoot growth rates were calculated.Results and conclusions Cadmium uptake kinetics, i.e. the net Cd influx vs. Cd solution concentration followed a straight line. Its slope is the root absorbing power, α,The α values of spinach and flax were about double that of maize and sunflower (5×10 −6 cms −1 vs. 2.5× 10 −6 cms −1 ). Spinach and flax had a 3-5 times higher shoot Cd concentration than maize and sunflower. The difference in shoot Cd concentration was partly due to the higher Cd influx but also to a higher translocation of Cd from root to shoot and also to a slower shoot growth rate.

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Verbessertes Druckaufschlußsystem für biologische und anorganische Materialien

Cited by 180 publications

References 0 publications

A 1500-year multiproxy record of coastal hypoxia from the northern Baltic Sea indicates unprecedented deoxygenation over the 20th century

A 1500-year multiproxy record of coastal hypoxia from the northern Baltic Sea indicates unprecedented deoxygenation over the 20th century

Amelioration of planting stress by soil amendment with a hydrogel–mycorrhiza mixture for early establishment of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seedlings

Cadmium uptake kinetics and plants factors of shoot Cd concentration

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