Vergleichende Untersuchungen �ber den Wasserhaushalt von Flederm�usen (Rhinopoma, Rhinolophus und Myotis)

Vogel, V.; Kareh, El

doi:10.1007/bf00340550

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…These authors estimated from the temperature and humidity of inspired air that REWL is 22%-29% of TEWL at T a ≈ 26ЊC in pallid bats (Antrozous pallidus), although Herreid and SchmidtNielsen (1966) subsequently asserted that there were errors in these calculations. Vogel (1969) separated TEWL in bats by simultaneously measuring REWL and CEWL, using a partitioned chamber similar to ones more recently used for birds (e.g., Wolf and Walsberg 1996;McKechnie and Wolf 2004), and found that Rhinopoma hardwickei dissipated heat predominantly by REWL, whereas in Myotis sp. and Rhinolophus sp., CEWL was the predominant route.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, their use of a plastic bag to prevent cutaneous evaporation more than likely caused an overestimation of the importance of REWL, because the prevention of water vapor dissipation must have reduced CEWL through the humidification of air around the bats' bodies. Vogel's (1969) data for three species, collected using a partitioned chamber, suggest that the relative roles of REWL and CEWL in bats vary with phylogeny. Vogel (1969) reported REWL to predominate in Rhinopoma hardwickei, but CEWL was the primary avenue of heat dissipation at higher T a in Myotis sp.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Vogel's (1969) data for three species, collected using a partitioned chamber, suggest that the relative roles of REWL and CEWL in bats vary with phylogeny. Vogel (1969) reported REWL to predominate in Rhinopoma hardwickei, but CEWL was the primary avenue of heat dissipation at higher T a in Myotis sp. and Rhinolophus sp.…”

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Partitioning of Evaporative Water Loss into Respiratory and Cutaneous Pathways in Wahlberg's Epauletted Fruit Bats (Epomophorus wahlbergi)

Minnaar¹,

Bennett²,

Chimimba³

et al. 2014

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

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The relative contributions of respiratory and cutaneous evaporation to total evaporative water loss (TEWL) and how the partitioning of these two avenues varies with environmental temperature has received little attention in bats. We trained Wahlberg's epauletted fruit bats (Epomophorus wahlbergi) captured in Pretoria, South Africa, to wear latex masks while hanging in respirometry chambers, and we measured respiratory evaporative water loss (REWL) and cutaneous evaporative water loss (CEWL) over air temperatures (T a ) from 10Њ to 40ЊC. The bats' normothermic body temperature (T b ) was approximately 36ЊC, which increased at higher T a to 40.5Њ ‫ע‬ 1.0ЊC at T a ≈ 40ЊC. Both TEWL and resting metabolic rate (RMR) increased sharply at T a 135ЊC, with a mean TEWL at 40ЊC equivalent to 411% of that at 30ЊC. The increase in TEWL was driven by large increases in both CEWL and REWL. CEWL comprised more than 50% of TEWL over the entire T a range, with the exception of T a ≈ 40ЊC, where REWL accounted for 58% of evaporative water loss. Surface area-specific CEWL increased approximately sixfold with increasing T a . Thermoregulation at T a approaching or exceeding T b involved a considerable energetic cost, with RMR at T a ≈ 40ЊC exceeding by 24% that measured at T a ≈ 10ЊC. Our data do not support recent arguments that respiratory gas exchange across the wing membranes represents 5%-10% of the total in E. wahlbergi.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Partitioning of Evaporative Water Loss into Respiratory and Cutaneous Pathways in Wahlberg's Epauletted Fruit Bats (Epomophorus wahlbergi)

Minnaar¹,

Bennett²,

Chimimba³

et al. 2014

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

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“…Geluso (1980) found that the mean maximum urine (MMU) concentrations (determined by water-deprivation experiments or predicted from renal morphology) ranged from 2390-5010 mosmol/kg in 27 species of insect-eating Microchiroptera. Several comparative studies have shown that species of insect-eating Microchiroptera limited to desert habitats have more efficient kidneys than species from mesic, or both mesic and desert, habitats (Carpenter, 1969;Vogel, 1969;Vogel & Vogel, 1972;Geluso, 1978Geluso, ,1980. For example, Geluso (1980) found MMU concentrations of 3720-5010 mosmol/kg in six species from desert habitats, whereas nine species from mesic habitats had mean maximum concentrations of 2440-3280 mosmol/kg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal form and function in relation to the ecology of bats (Chiroptera)from Malawi, Central Africa

Happold

1988

Journal of Zoology

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The ratio of the medulla to the cortex (M/C ratio) was determined for three species of Megachiroptera, and the ratio of the inner medulla to the cortex (IM/C ratio) was determined for 28 species of insect‐eating Microchiroptera from diverse savanna and montane habitats within Malawi. Although all these species occur in the southern savanna biotic zone of Africa, each varies in its ability to exploit the African rainforest, arid and desert biotic zones. The kidneys of the Megachiroptera were very different to those of the insect‐eating Microchiroptera, and these differences were related to the need of fruit‐bats to excrete the surplus water associated with their diet. The urine concentrating capacity of each species of Microchiroptera was predicted from the IM/C ratio. Family characteristics were examined, and the urine concentrating capacities of the Malawian bats were compared with bats from elsewhere, and with some rodents. The insect‐ eating Microchiroptera exemplified a very diverse range of IM/C ratios. The IM/C ratio of each species was compared with its drinking behaviour in captivity, diet, foraging strategy, flight, aspect ratio, domicile, roosting behaviour and habitat. It was hypothesized that the ability of insect‐eating Microchiroptera to conserve urinary water would be an advantage to species: (a) living in xeric habitats; (b) adapted for sustained high‐speed flight; (c) roosting in hot dry domiciles; (d) roosting in solitude; and (e) living at high altitudes where seasonal low temperatures induce torpidity. These hypotheses were tested, and it was concluded that, while the ability to conserve urinary water may have been an advantage in most of these situations, it was not essential.

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“…The ability to conserve urine in mammals is generally dependent on the habitats they live in. Especially, bats living in arid habitats tend to have kidneys with more prominent medullas than those from humid regions (Lalwer & Geluso, 1986;Vogel, 1969;Geluso, 1978). This ecophysiological relationship is exceptionally well defined in insectivorous bats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual cycle of urine output of the Greater Indian False Vampire Bat, Megaderma lyra

Madhavan¹,

Isaac²,

Gopukumar³

et al. 2007

Zoos Print J.

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Vergleichende Untersuchungen �ber den Wasserhaushalt von Flederm�usen (Rhinopoma, Rhinolophus und Myotis)

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Partitioning of Evaporative Water Loss into Respiratory and Cutaneous Pathways in Wahlberg's Epauletted Fruit Bats (Epomophorus wahlbergi)

Partitioning of Evaporative Water Loss into Respiratory and Cutaneous Pathways in Wahlberg's Epauletted Fruit Bats (Epomophorus wahlbergi)

Renal form and function in relation to the ecology of bats (Chiroptera)from Malawi, Central Africa

Annual cycle of urine output of the Greater Indian False Vampire Bat, Megaderma lyra

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