Vergleichende Untersuchungen Über Sexual- und Sozialverhalten der Krallenaffen (Hapalidae)

Epple, Gisela

doi:10.1159/000155095

Cited by 109 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Reproductive skew in female marmosets W. Saltzman et al 391 (Rothe 1975;Abbott 1984;Saltzman et al 1997c) and in the field (Digby 1999;Sousa et al 2005). Several investigators have, on rare occasions, observed dominant females disrupting subordinate females' sexual interactions with males (Epple 1967;Rothe 1975;Abbott 1984 Abbott 1999, unpublished data) and, in the laboratory groups, most subordinate females are never seen even attempting to mate (Rothe 1975;Abbott 1984). Thus, interference by dominant females is unlikely to be a primary cause of sexual inhibition in subordinates.…”

Section: What Are the Proximate Mechanisms Inhibiting Sexual Behavioumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, an age-related dominance hierarchy is often apparent, either within each sex or in both sexes combined (Sutcliffe & Poole 1984;Digby 1995b). Both males and females may be highly aggressive to unfamiliar or extragroup individuals of the same sex, but within established groups, aggression is usually mild and infrequent (Epple 1967;Abbott 1984;Saltzman et al 1994Saltzman et al , 1997cDigby 1995b;Sousa et al 2005).…”

Section: Marmoset Social and Breeding Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reproductive skew in female common marmosets: what can proximate mechanisms tell us about ultimate causes?

2008

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Common marmosets are cooperatively breeding monkeys that exhibit high reproductive skew: most subordinate females fail to reproduce, while others attempt to breed but produce very few surviving infants. An extensive dataset on the mechanisms limiting reproduction in laboratory-housed and freeliving subordinate females provides unique insights into the causes of reproductive skew. Non-breeding adult females undergo suppression of ovulation and inhibition of sexual behaviour; however, they receive little or no aggression or mating interference by dominants and do not exhibit behavioural or physiological signs of stress. Breeding subordinate females receive comparable amounts of aggression to non-breeding females but are able to conceive, gestate and lactate normally. In groups containing two breeding females, however, both dominant and subordinate breeders kill one another's infants. These findings suggest that preconception reproductive suppression is not imposed on subordinate females by dominants, at a proximate level, but is instead self-imposed by most subordinates, consistent with restraint models of reproductive skew. In contrast to restraint models, however, this self-suppression probably evolved not in response to the threat of eviction by dominant females but in response to the threat of infanticide. Thus, reproductive skew in this species appears to be generated predominantly by subordinate self-restraint, in a proximate sense, but ultimately by dominant control over subordinates' reproductive attempts.

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Section: What Are the Proximate Mechanisms Inhibiting Sexual Behavioumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Marmoset Social and Breeding Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive skew in female common marmosets: what can proximate mechanisms tell us about ultimate causes?

2008

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“…In both wild and captive groups, subordinate females typically fail to breed and instead help to provide care for the offspring of the dominant female [ (1,21,49,56,61), but see (19)]. Studies of captive marmosets have demonstrated that subordinate females are anovulatory as a consequence of inadequate pituitary release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and, presumably, impaired hypothalamic secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) (5,6) These endocrine consequences of subordination are both rapid and reversible: when a cycling female is introduced into a social group in which she becomes subordinate, plasma LH drops to very low levels in 1-4 days and ovulatory cycles soon cease.…”

Section: Common Marmosets (Callithrix Jacchus) Are Small Newmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aggressive behaviors included vocal threat ["chatter" (22): "'erh-erh" (60)], attack (2), cuff (60), snap-bite (60), genital presem (2), ear tufts flick ["tufts flick stare" (60)], and frown (60). Male and female marmosets form separate intrasexual hierarchies in mixed-sex groups, and intersexual agonism occurs relatively infrequently (4,21,49); therefore, only intrasexual interactions were analyzed. Because some subordinate females, in two groups, did not interact agonistically with all other subordinate females prior to removal of animals from the groups, each female was assigned dominant or subordinate status, rather than a numerical rank.…”

Section: Formation 0/ Social Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among female common marmosets, physiological and behavioral consequences of subordination are particularly distinct. Subordinate females are usually anovulatory, they engage in little or no sexual behavior, they appear to be excluded from heterosexual "pair bonds," and, at least in newly formed groups, they may be subjected to intense aggression from other females, frequently necessitating their removal from the group (2,4,21,49). In fact, in the present study, more than half the subordinate females (14/24, 58%) had to be removed from their groups in the first 5 weeks following group formation as a result of persistent harassment from other females.…”

Section: Fig 5 Basal Plasma Cortisol Concentrations (Mean + Sem) Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social and reproductive influences on plasma cortisol in female marmoset monkeys

Saltzman

Schultz-Darken

Scheffler

et al. 1994

Physiology & Behavior

139

154

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Behavioral and social correlates of escape from suppression of ovulation in female common marmosets housed with the natal family

Saltzman¹,

Severin

Schultz-Darken³

et al. 1997

Am. J. Primatol.

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Although female common marmosets typically do not breed while housed with their natal families, up to half ovulate at least once while housed with the intact natal family, and a similar proportion conceive if an unrelated adult male is present in the group. In this study, we investigated the behavioral and social correlates of escape from suppression of ovulation by daughters housed in intact natal families or in families in which the father had been replaced by an unrelated adult male. Focal-animal behavioral data were collected from daughters that were (N = 7) or were not (N = 10) undergoing ovulatory cycles while housed with the natal family and from daughters that were (N = 5) or were not (N = 3) cycling or pregnant in families containing an unrelated male. Additionally, four cyclic and six acyclic females housed in intact natal families underwent simulated "prospecting" tests. Cyclic and acyclic daughters in intact natal families did not engage in sexual interactions with the father and showed few differences from one another in their interactions with the parents. Moreover, cyclic and acyclic daughters did not differ in their willingness to leave the family for short periods or to investigate an unfamiliar family in "prospecting" tests. However, daughters that underwent ovarian cycles in the presence of an unrelated male showed numerous behavioral differences from those in intact natal families, including frequent courtship and sexual behaviors with the male, reduced affiliative interactions with the mother, and elevated frequencies of aggressive display behavior. Moreover, these females were less likely to behave submissively towards the mother or the adult male. These findings suggest that both suppression of ovulation and inhibition of sexual behavior normally contribute to reproductive failure in female marmosets living with their natal families, and that the two components of suppression may become dissociated under specific social conditions. Am.

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Vergleichende Untersuchungen Über Sexual- und Sozialverhalten der Krallenaffen (Hapalidae)

Cited by 109 publications

References 12 publications

Reproductive skew in female common marmosets: what can proximate mechanisms tell us about ultimate causes?

Reproductive skew in female common marmosets: what can proximate mechanisms tell us about ultimate causes?

Social and reproductive influences on plasma cortisol in female marmoset monkeys

Behavioral and social correlates of escape from suppression of ovulation in female common marmosets housed with the natal family

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