Verifying Functional Specifications by Regression Techniques on Lissajous Test Signatures

Abstract

In this paper, a low-cost method to verify functional specifications of analog VLSI circuits is proposed. The method is based on the analysis of Lissajous signatures combined with regression techniques. In order to obtain Lissajous signatures, the observation space is partitioned into zones using hyperplanes, and a set of integer values used as the digital signature of the circuit is generated by Lissajous curve zone crossings. A predictor function obtained by nonlinear regression techniques predicts the functional specification parameters of the circuit under consideration. The viability of this methodology is analyzed and applied to verify the center frequency 0 of a bandpass biquad filter. Experimental measurements show an accurate prediction of the center frequency of the designed filter.

Analog circuit test based on a digital signature

“…Several monitors have been proposed in the past for this purpose [13], [14]. In these approaches, Lissajous curves were previously studied to select the best X-Y partitions delimited by such lines.…”

“…Recently, a generalization of the monitoring method for multiple variables has been proposed. The study is based on Lissajous compositions in a CUT with multitone excitation [14].…”

“…Several approaches using oscillation test method [6], alternate test [11], and zoning [13], [14], have been used in combination with BIST techniques, yielding promising results in analog and mixed-signal applications.…”

Efficient Production Binning Using Octree Tessellation in the Alternate Measurements Space

“…The chosen tones correspond to filter's center frequency, an octave lower and an octave higher. The inputoutput composition can be considered as an analog signature characterizing the filter and its level of specification compliance [27]- [29]. Fig.…”

Quality metrics for mixed-signal indirect testing

“…In this work, we will use the input/output Lissajous composition method [11] by applying a 3 tone input stimulus to the filter. Such compositions can be considered as an analog signature due to their sensitivity to parametric defects.…”