Vermiculite Nanomaterials: Structure, Properties, and Potential Applications

Wang, Wenbo; Wang, Aiqin

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-814533-3.00009-0

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 270 publications

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“…Thermally expanded vermiculite (TE-VMT) with a particle size up to 1.6 mm was provided by Perlit Polska (Puńców, Poland). The annealing process was carried out at a temperature of 1260 • C, and the chemical composition according to the manufacturer's data is 38.0-49.0% SiO 2 , 20-23.5% MgO, 12-17.5% Al 2 O 3 , 0.3-5.4% Fe 2 O 3 , 5.2-7.9% K 2 O, 0-1.2% FeO, 0.7-1.5% CaO, 0-0.8% Na 2 O, 0-1.5% TiO 2 , 0-0.5 Cr 2 O 3 , 0.1-0.3% MnO, 0-0.6% temperature of 1260 °C, and the chemical composition according to the manufacturer's data is 38.0-49.0% SiO2, 20-23.5% MgO, 12-17.5% Al2O3, 0.3-5.4% Fe2O3, 5.2-7.9% K2O, 0-1.2% FeO, 0.7-1.5% CaO, 0-0.8% Na2O, 0-1.5% TiO2, 0-0.5 Cr2O3, 0.1-0.3% MnO, 0-0.6% CI, 0-0.6% CO2, 0-0.2% S. The exemplary structure of vermiculite based on the literature reports [30,47] is presented in Figure 1. The vermiculite filler is marked as W in the further parts of the study.…”

Section: Materials and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first one is BioAdimide ® 100 Powder (Lanxess, Koln, Germany), referred to in a further part of the manuscript as KI. This modifier is based on a bis (2,6diisopropylphenyl) 2% FeO, 0.7-1.5% CaO, 0-0.8% Na2O, 0-1.5% TiO2, 0-0.5 Cr2O3, 0.1-0.3% MnO, 0-0.6% CI, 0-0.6% CO2, 0-0.2% S. The exemplary structure of vermiculite based on the literature reports [30,47] is presented in Figure 1. The vermiculite filler is marked as W in the further parts of the study.…”

Section: Materials and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, it is possible to use it as an excellent insulator with high thermal stability. In addition, the possibility of exfoliation makes it a filler that can be used to create various composite and nanocomposite materials with novel functionalities [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Surface Treatment with Isocyanate and Aromatic Carbodiimide of Thermally Expanded Vermiculite Used as a Functional Filler for Polylactide-Based Composites

et al. 2021

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In this work, thermally expanded vermiculite (TE-VMT) was surface modified and used as a filler for composites with a polylactide (PLA) matrix. Modification of vermiculite was realized by simultaneous ball milling with the presence of two PLA chain extenders, aromatic carbodiimide (KI), and 4,4’-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI). In addition to analyzing the particle size of the filler subjected to processing, the efficiency of mechanochemical modification was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The composites of PLA with three vermiculite types were prepared by melt mixing and subjected to mechanical, thermomechanical, thermal, and structural evaluation. The structure of composites containing a constant amount of the filler (20 wt%) was assessed using FTIR spectroscopy and SEM analysis supplemented by evaluating the final injection-molded samples’ physicochemical properties. Mechanical behavior of the composites was assessed by static tensile test and impact strength hardness measurements. Heat deflection temperature (HDT) test and dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMTA) were applied to evaluate the influence of the filler addition and its functionalization on thermomechanical properties of PLA-based composites. Thermal properties were assessed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry (PCFC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The use of filler-reactive chain extenders (CE) made it possible to change the vermiculite structure and obtain an improvement in interfacial adhesion and more favorable filler dispersions in the matrix. This translated into an improvement in impact strength and an increase in thermo-mechanical stability and heat release capacity of composites containing modified vermiculites.

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Section: Materials and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials and Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Surface Treatment with Isocyanate and Aromatic Carbodiimide of Thermally Expanded Vermiculite Used as a Functional Filler for Polylactide-Based Composites

et al. 2021

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“…The main constituents of the perlite rock are SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , K 2 O, Na 2 O; when hydrated it can also contain TiO 2 , CaO, MgO, and Fe 2 O 3 in small quantities [34]. When it comes to vermiculite, the main components are SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO, K 2 O but also some small quantities of Li, Cr, Ti, and Ni [35].…”

Section: Volcanic Rocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigations on the Performances of Composite Building Materials Based on Industrial Crops and Volcanic Rocks

2020

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Interdisciplinary and sustainability represent the main characteristics of this paper due to the fact that this research is offering a connection between two main areas-agronomy and construction, by using hemp shiv for the design of new building materials, which can increase the sustainability level of the building industry. For this reason, the main scope of this study is based on the investigation of a new category of composite building materials-lightweight mortars based on hemp shiv, volcanic rocks and white cement-which contribute to a positive environmental impact and help to increase indoor comfort. A complex report was carried out on two segments. The first one is focused upon the characteristics of the raw materials from the composition of the new materials, while the second segment presents a detailed analysis of these composites including morphological and chemical investigation, pyrolytic and fire behavior, compression and flexural strengths, and acoustic and thermal characteristics. The proposed recipes have as a variable volcanic rocks, while the hemp and the binder maintain their volumes and properties. The results were analyzed according to the influence of volcanic rocks on the new composites.Crystals 2020, 10, 102 2 of 21 consideration in the construction sector. There is a significant number of studies on hemp shiv with lime, which is a composite material named hempcrete [12][13][14], but there are only few studies that concern hemp shiv with cement [15][16][17][18][19].Due to the fact that hemp shiv presents poor fire resistance, a new approach can be made with volcanic rocks, which are natural products with higher fire resistance [20]. These materials are usually found in the composition of mortars used in the rehabilitation process of the walls, because of their increased mechanical resistances [21]. They also present sound and thermal properties, as well as a low density, which will help the workability of the mortar. Durable and with higher strength properties for structural application [20], volcanic rocks are low cost materials [22] that also present fire retarding properties for steel structures [23].Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of the volcanic rocks when these are incorporated in hemp-cement composite materials used as interior mortars. These building materials are developed to be suitable not only for eco-friendly construction but also in regular buildings made from concrete, steel, and so forth, where they can increase indoor comfort. Materials and Methods Raw MaterialsThe composition of the new materials is designed to increase indoor comfort by developing new types of lightweight mortars, obtained as prefabricated plates. In order to understand the characteristics of the new composites, hemp shiv, natural and treated; volcanic rocks, perlite and vermiculite; and binders, white cement and hydrated lime, were analyzed. Hemp ShivThe hemp shiv used for the new composites was received from HempFlax Romania (Pianu De Jos, Alba, Romania). The chemical stru...

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“…Such minerals include natural sorbents zeolitecontaining rocks, perlites, glauconite Sands, bentonite and palygorskite clays ( Table 1). These minerals, due to their cost-effectiveness and good absorption properties, are widely used in various industries for separation and extraction of valuable components, treatment of gas emission and industrial effluents, desalination of drinking water and in pharmaceuticals [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], in animal husbandry and agriculture [12][13][14] (Table 1). Examples of diatomites using show an improvement in soil quality and yield increasing when growing carrots [15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of natural sorbents in the technology of obtaining a source of trace element additives in the soil

et al. 2020

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Vermiculite Nanomaterials: Structure, Properties, and Potential Applications

Cited by 25 publications

References 270 publications

The Effect of Surface Treatment with Isocyanate and Aromatic Carbodiimide of Thermally Expanded Vermiculite Used as a Functional Filler for Polylactide-Based Composites

The Effect of Surface Treatment with Isocyanate and Aromatic Carbodiimide of Thermally Expanded Vermiculite Used as a Functional Filler for Polylactide-Based Composites

Experimental Investigations on the Performances of Composite Building Materials Based on Industrial Crops and Volcanic Rocks

The use of natural sorbents in the technology of obtaining a source of trace element additives in the soil

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