Vernacular earthen buildings from Leiria, Portugal – Architectural survey towards their conservation and retrofitting

Parracha, João Luís; Lima, José Pinto de; Freire, Maria Teresa; Ferreira, Micael; Faria, Paulina

doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2020.102115

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Therefore, it is more accurate to analyze the heat transfer of the external walls using this comprehensive outdoor temper-ature as the outdoor thermal effect. According to References [45,46], the comprehensive outdoor temperature can be calculated using Equation (1).…”

Section: Theoretical Calculation 231 Fourier Series Expansion Of Doub...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to recyclability, low energy consumption, and low hidden carbon footprint, the traditional earthen buildings were considered as economically and environmentally sustainable buildings. A series of studies on earthen buildings has been carried out [1][2][3][4][5]. In China, there is a special earthen dwelling-the cave dwelling (nearly 90% of its structure built with earth), widely distributed in the cold Loess Plateau, which is the most extant form of ancient cave dwellings in the world [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Storage Performance of Underground Cave Dwellings under Kang Intermittent Heating: A Case Study of Northern China

Zhu

Liu

et al. 2022

Processes

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The intermittent heating mode of Kang plays an important role in the heat storage and release in cave dwellings. However, research on the effect of Kang heating on the thermal process of traditional buildings is rare. Therefore, based on long-term monitoring of cave dwellings, regular conclusions about the influence of Kang heating on the thermal environment were obtained. Furthermore, an unsteady heat transfer model of the envelope was proposed for the first time. Then, based on this model, the thermal storage performance of cave dwellings during the period of Kang intermittent heating was explored. The results showed that, due to Kang heating, the indoor air temperature of cave dwellings could be increased by an average of 3.1 °C. Furthermore, the inner walls had a large thermal mass and the maximum heat storage in a single day was 487.75 kJ/m2, while the maximum heat release was 419.02 kJ/m2. The heat release at night could reach 87%. In this paper, the law of thermal storage and release characteristics of earthen building envelopes under intermittent heating was firstly obtained. Results can enrich the thermal process theory of earthen buildings and provide a theoretical basis and technical support for building thermal environmental construction.

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Section: Theoretical Calculation 231 Fourier Series Expansion Of Doub...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Storage Performance of Underground Cave Dwellings under Kang Intermittent Heating: A Case Study of Northern China

Zhu

Liu

et al. 2022

Processes

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“…Earth construction is still one of the most employed construction types worldwide, especially in less developed countries. − Although it is vulnerable to seismic action, environmental erosion, and human activities, earth construction dwellings will continue to accommodate people not only in cases of limited economy and technology but also in cases of historical preservation, vernacular landmark maintenance, and architectonic value. − In addition, earth constructions are made of eco-friendly materials and can sustain indoor air humidity and temperature, thereby lowering energy consumption in both the construction phase and the operation phase. , Therefore, it is essential to retrofit damaged earth construction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Damage and deterioration can occur all around an earth construction. ,,, Among them, the wall mechanical response plays an important role in guaranteeing earth construction safety. The retrofitting methods to regain the mechanical performance of the damaged or deteriorated walls focus on two aspects: the wall material properties and the wall monolithic characteristic. ,− It is proven that the cooperation of the plaster coating and mesh greatly benefits the lateral load-carrying capacity and the lateral stiffness .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bonding Behavior of Cement Mortar Retrofitting for Adobe Masonry Wallette with Groove, Wire Mesh, Shear Dowel, and Sticky Rice Paste

Deng,

Su,

Zhang

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Damaged adobe masonry is essential to retrofit not only for continued use by less developed populations but also for historical preservation and vernacular landmark maintenance. Coating mortar on adobe can greatly improve the static load-carrying capacity of adobe masonry Wallette. Four retrofitting methods are carried out to enhance the cooperation of mortar and adobe; these four methods focus on the factors of roughness, shear dowel, and mesh size and a novel biological and traditional Chinese binder, sticky rice pulp. The mortar coating with the four bonding enhancement methods can greatly increase both the compressive and lateral load-carrying capacities, with a maximum improvement of 177 and 743%, respectively. The bonding strength has a negative effect on the compressive load-carrying capacity; on the other hand, it has a positive effect on the lateral load-carrying capacity. A range analysis is also carried out, which shows that the shear dowel depth has the greatest effect on both load situations, followed by the wire mesh size.

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“…Moreover, earth materials are one of the oldest building materials widely used even today [12]. However, approximately 50% of the world's population still lives in various forms of raw earth construction [13,14]. Raw earth construction in China can be traced back to the Yangshao culture, which has a history of 5000-6000 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Renovation and Assessment of Existing Aging Rammed Earth Dwellings in Hunan, China

et al. 2022

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Sustainable renovation is widely recognised as the optimal solution for the aging of residential buildings. Many aging rammed earth dwellings exist in the Hunan region of China. To guide these rammed earth dwellings to enhance their architectural quality while maximising the benefits from these activities in the environmental, energy, and economic domains, this study proposes a sustainable renovation approach which improves the construction tools, materials, processes, and the building features. In this study, we selected representative dwellings in the Hunan region for case renovation. In addition, the renovated dwellings are evaluated on three aspects: indoor physical environment, satisfaction questionnaire survey of owners and participants, and carbon emissions. The results show that the owners and participants are highly in favour of the sustainable renovation approach. The renovated homes also show improvements in the indoor environment, which can help reduce energy consumption. This study can provide a methodology for the sustainable renovation of aging rammed earth dwellings in Hunan and the other regions of China.

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Vernacular earthen buildings from Leiria, Portugal – Architectural survey towards their conservation and retrofitting

Cited by 14 publications

References 44 publications

Thermal Storage Performance of Underground Cave Dwellings under Kang Intermittent Heating: A Case Study of Northern China

Thermal Storage Performance of Underground Cave Dwellings under Kang Intermittent Heating: A Case Study of Northern China

Bonding Behavior of Cement Mortar Retrofitting for Adobe Masonry Wallette with Groove, Wire Mesh, Shear Dowel, and Sticky Rice Paste

Sustainable Renovation and Assessment of Existing Aging Rammed Earth Dwellings in Hunan, China

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