Vernacular housing practices in Burkina Faso: representative models of construction in Ouagadougou and walls hygrothermal efficiency

Hema, Césaire; Moeseke, Geoffrey Van; Evrad, Arnaud; Courard, Luc; Messan, Adamah

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.07.398

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Otherwise, no other studies, to the best knowledge of the authors, reported on the influence of water content on the thermal properties of CEBs. Therefore, it is essential to assess the hygrothermal properties of CEB in order to better exploit their potential for hygrothermal regulation in buildings, and especially in the hot climates with non-air conditioning systems [ 36 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-Mechanical and Hygro-Thermal Properties of Compressed Earth Blocks Stabilized with Industrial and Agro By-Product Binders

Nshimiyimana

Courard

2020

Materials

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This study investigated the engineering properties of compressed earth blocks (CEBs) stabilized with by-product binders: calcium carbide residue (CCR) and rice husk ash (RHA). The dry mixtures were prepared using the earthen material and 0–25 wt% CCR, firstly, and 20 wt% CCR partially substituted by the RHA (CCR:RHA in 20:0–12:8 ratios), secondly. The appropriate amount of water was thoroughly mixed with the dry mixtures. The moistened mixtures were manually compressed into CEBs, cured, dried, and tested. The stabilization of CEBs with CCR increased the dry compressive strength (CS) from 1.1 MPa with 0% CCR to 4.3 MPa with 10% CCR and above; decreased the bulk density (ρb:1800–1475 kg/m3) and increased the total porosity (TP:35–45%). This resulted in the improvement of the coefficient of structural efficiency (CSE: 610–3050 Pa∙m3/kg). It also improved the thermal efficiency given the decrease of the thermal conductivity (λ: 1.02–0.69 W/m∙K), thermal diffusivity (a: 6.3 × 10−7 to 4.7 × 10−7 m²/s) and thermal penetration depth (δp: 0.13–0.11 m). The RHA further improved the CS up to 7 MPa, reaching the optimum with 16:4 CCR:RHA (ρb: 1575 kg/m3 and TP: 40%). The latter reached higher CSE (4460 Pa∙m3/kg) than cement stabilized CEBs (3540 Pa∙m3/kg). It reached lower λ (0.64 w/m∙K), a (4.1 × 10−7 m²/s) and δp (0.11 m) than cement CEBs (1.01 w/m∙K, 6.8 × 10−7 m²/s, and 0.14 m). Additionally, the stabilization of CEBs with by-products improved the moisture sorption capacity. The improvement of the structural and thermal efficiency of CEBs by the stabilization with by-product binders is beneficial for load-bearing capacity and thermal performances in multi-storey buildings.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-Mechanical and Hygro-Thermal Properties of Compressed Earth Blocks Stabilized with Industrial and Agro By-Product Binders

Nshimiyimana

Courard

2020

Materials

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“…In fact, the choice of CEB for double-wall construction was guided by the quest for passive materials in the production of housing with improved thermal comfort. The city dwellers who have chosen CEB as a building material in the design and construction of their house are aware of the climatic challenges [13], [14] In the tropical and Sahelian climatic zone like Burkina Faso, the CEB is used in different technics to reach better hygrothermal performances. The CEB is used either in single-layer or double-layer wall, leaving or not the air void between the two layers ( Fig.…”

Section: Construction Using Compressed Earth Blocks: An Adaptation Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Habitat in Burkina Faso: Social Trajectories, Logics and Motivations for the Use of Compressed Earth Blocks for Housing Construction in Ouagadougou

Zoungrana

BOLOGO/TRAORE

Hema

et al. 2020

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment

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This study explores the logics, motivations and issues related to the construction of sustainable housing made of compressed earth blocks (CEB) material in the city of Ouagadougou. In Burkina Faso, a landlocked country with limited natural resources and predominantly warm dry climate, most buildings are made of local materials. Historically, people built their habitats using mud brick (adobe). However, with the irreversible process of urbanization, the construction sector recorded changes with an increase in concrete-based, hollow cement blocks (HCB) constructions. Besides this trend, individualistic strategies are moving towards other types of materials such as CEB. Throughout a qualitative approach, the present study intends to show that the use of eco-materials, like the CEB, is the concern of middle class population who has broken with the "all in concrete" in the construction of their housing. This study also reveals that the owners of CEB-based housing are mostly city dwellers endowed with considerable cultural and economic capital. It also briefly reveals that the logic behind the use of the CEB is based on the social distinction of city dwellers, having both a romantic and Romanesque vision of earth-based construction. Moreover, this mode of construction is associated with a post-modern vision of sustainable development (less energy and resources consuming constructions, reduction of the electricity bill, etc.), but also with an ecological reasoning that cannot be afforded by the common population in Burkina Faso.

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“…The firing process is energy consuming and therefore not environmental-friendly, resulting in relative increase of the cost and embodied energy of the products [6][7][8]. Today, the awareness of the global warming and necessity for energy saving on the one hand and improved indoor comfort provided by unfired clay material on the other hand give this material the potential for construction of sustainable buildings [7,[9][10][11][12]. For centuries, unfired clay materials have been used in building construction, in various forms such as adobe (sun dried brick), rammed earth and recently compressed earth block (CEBs), and proved promising to provide affordable and comfortable housing [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clay materials from this region are basically used for road pavement and in some cases for the artisanal production of adobe; although some small enterprises such as Zi-Matériau and CC3D offer services of production, commercialization and construction with CEBs in the major cities. In fact, current research on earth for building construction in Burkina Faso mainly reports on adobes and only a limited number of studies are reported on CEBs [10,11,14,[24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-chemical and mineralogical characterization of clay materials suitable for production of stabilized compressed earth blocks

Nshimiyimana

Fagel

Messan

et al. 2020

Construction and Building Materials

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The main objective of this study is to characterize the physico-chemical and mineral properties of clay materials from Burkina Faso to produce stabilized compressed earth blocks (CEBs). The reactivity of the clay materials was tested based on the electrical conductivity of solutions and the compressive strength of CEBs stabilized with 0-20 wt% CCR (calcium carbide residue) and cured for 45 days at 40±2 °C. Pabre and Kossodo respectively contain the highest fractions of clay (20-30%) and gravel (40%). Saaba and Pabre contain the highest content of kaolinite (60˗70%) and quartz (45-60%) and recorded the highest and lowest reactivity, respectively. The compressive strength of CEBs stabilized with 20% CCR improved tenfold (0.8 to 8.3 MPa) for Saaba and only 2.6 (2 to 7.1 MPa) for Pabre. The clay materials in the present study are suitable to produce CCRstabilized CEBs for load-bearing construction.

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Vernacular housing practices in Burkina Faso: representative models of construction in Ouagadougou and walls hygrothermal efficiency

Cited by 35 publications

References 3 publications

Physico-Mechanical and Hygro-Thermal Properties of Compressed Earth Blocks Stabilized with Industrial and Agro By-Product Binders

Physico-Mechanical and Hygro-Thermal Properties of Compressed Earth Blocks Stabilized with Industrial and Agro By-Product Binders

Sustainable Habitat in Burkina Faso: Social Trajectories, Logics and Motivations for the Use of Compressed Earth Blocks for Housing Construction in Ouagadougou

Physico-chemical and mineralogical characterization of clay materials suitable for production of stabilized compressed earth blocks

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