Verrucose squamous carcinoma of bladder

Sebaï, I.; Sherif, Mohamed H.; Bolkainy, M.N. El; Mansour, M. A.; Ghoneim, Mohamed A.

doi:10.1016/0090-4295(74)90008-9

Cited by 40 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In the early years of the study (1980, 1983, and 1990 Despite the significant decline in the relative frequency of bladder cancer in Egypt, a persistent gender disparity with predominance of the disease among males was observed in the data from all cancer centers participating in the study. Our data revealed a 4:1 male to female ratio of bladder cancer cases in all years of the study, which concurs with other major studies from Egypt [11,[26][27][28]. This gender gap might be a reflection of differences in the magnitude of environmental or lifestyle exposures related to bladder cancer etiology, such as schistosomal infection, smoking, and exposure to occupational and agriculture-related chemicals [18,29,30].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Characterization of the genetic alterations in schistosomal bladder tumors will elucidate the mechanism related to this type of bladder cancer induction. (23) 63 (20) 191 (22) 95 (20) 68 (19) 95 (19) (34) 105 (35) 348 (41) 160 (34) 85 (25) 137 (27) <0.0001 South 116 (43) 134 (45) 283 (33) 158 (34) 117 (34) 191 (38) CMA 61 (23) 59 (20) 227 (26) 146 (31) 144 (42) 176 ( (19) 40 (17) 11 ( …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The changing patterns of bladder cancer in Egypt over the past 26 years

Felix

Soliman

Khaled

et al. 2008

Cancer Causes Control

140

110

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Objective-To evaluate temporal changes in histopathological types of bladder cancer and to assess associated changes in demographic, epidemiologic, and lifestyle risk factors.Methods-We abstracted data from all available medical records from the National Cancer Institute of Cairo University (NCI-Cairo). Six calendar years representing 5-year periods between 1980 and 2005 were evaluated. Information on demographics, schistosomal infection, clinical symptoms of bladder cancer, and tumor pathology was abstracted.Results-During this 26-year period, important changes in the frequency of histopathological types of bladder cancer occurred. We found a statistically significant association between time period of diagnosis and histopathological type. Patients diagnosed in 2005 had a sixfold higher odds associated with transitional cell carcinoma compared to those patients diagnosed in 1980 (odds ratio (OR) 6.00 (95% CI 4.00-8.97)).Conclusions-These data strongly suggest that the histopathological profile of bladder cancer in Egypt has changed significantly over the past 26 years. Historically, squamous cell carcinoma was the predominant form of bladder cancer in Egypt; however transitional cell carcinoma has become the most frequent type. These results corroborate findings from a few small-scale hospital-based studies which conclude that the etiology of bladder cancer in Egypt has changed significantly over the past 26 years.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The changing patterns of bladder cancer in Egypt over the past 26 years

Felix

Soliman

Khaled

et al. 2008

Cancer Causes Control

140

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…There is a lag period of ≈ 30 years between initial infestation with bilharziasis and the subsequent development of bladder cancer. The male : female ratio is 5 : 1 [36]; this male predominance is probably related to increased exposure of males to schistosome infestation as they work more in the fields.…”

Section: Scc In the Bilharzial Bladdermentioning

confidence: 99%

Squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder: pathology, diagnosis and treatment

2003

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Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) can occur in both nonbilharzial and bilharzial bladders; the two subtypes differ in epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinicopathological features. The nonbilharzial type occurs in Western countries and represents < 5% of all vesical tumours; it occurs most often in the seventh decade with a slight male predominance. The principal predisposing factor is prolonged indwelling urethral catheterization in patients with spinal cord injury and the main symptom is haematuria. Patients are usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and most of the tumours are of moderate and high grades. At cystoscopy tumours are predominantly ulcerative and commonly involve the trigone and lateral walls. Although distant metastasis is infrequent (8–10%) the prognosis is grave and most patients die after failure of locoregional control; radical cystectomy provides the best therapy. To avoid nonbilharzial SCC, patients with spinal cord injury should be free of catheterization if possible. The outcome can be improved by early detection with frequent cytology, cystoscopy and biopsy. Bilharzial SCC occurs commonly in the Middle East, South‐east Asia and South America where schistosomiasis is endemic. In an Egyptian series SCC represented 59% of 1026 cystectomy specimens. The tumour is diagnosed in the fifth decade, and five times more common in men than women. Bladder carcinogenesis is probably related to bacterial and viral infections, commonly associated with bilharzial infestation rather than the parasite itself. The presentation is often with irritative bladder symptoms and haematuria, and many patients present at an advanced stage, although most tumours are of low and moderate grades. At cystoscopy tumours are predominantly nodular and usually arise from the upper vesical hemisphere. Lymph‐node metastasis occurs in ≈ 19% and significantly decreases survival; radical cystectomy remains the main treatment, giving a 5‐year survival rate of 50%. Early detection improves the therapeutic yield and prevention is possible by combining snail control and mass therapy of the infested rural population by oral antibilharzial drugs.

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“…11 The reported male-to-female ratio of bilharzial SCC of the bladder in Egypt is 4-5 : 1, providing an indirect corroboration of bilharzial etiology theory. 12 This male predominance is most likely related to the increased exposure of males to bilharzial infestation, as they work more in the fields. It is interesting to know that, in Mozambique, where both men and women work in the fields, the male-to-female ratio of bladder cancer is unity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Squamous cell carcinoma of the bilharzial and non-bilharzial urinary bladder: a review of etiological features, natural history, and management

El-Sebaie¹,

Zaghloul²,

Howard

et al. 2005

Int J Clin Oncol

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Squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, though uncommon in Europe and the United States, is the most common variety of bladder tumor in countries where urinary bilharziasis prevails. A great controversy still exists regarding its natural history and management. Here, we review the literature of bilharzial and nonbilharzial squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, focusing on large series. Our aim was to gather most of the published data about this disease entity, report it in a systematic comparative review, and attempt to identify the adverse features and variables behind its dismal outcome. The conclusions are that squamous cell carcinoma, whether bilharzial or nonbilharzial, has distinctive clinicopathological features, different from those of the transitional cell variety. These tumors usually present in advanced (muscle-invasive) stages. Pelvic nodal metastases are not common, and the incidence of distant metastases is less than that reported with transitional cell carcinoma. Local treatment, including cystectomy and adjunctive radiotherapy, is the most acceptable way of treating such tumors.

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Verrucose squamous carcinoma of bladder

Cited by 40 publications

References 8 publications

The changing patterns of bladder cancer in Egypt over the past 26 years

The changing patterns of bladder cancer in Egypt over the past 26 years

Squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder: pathology, diagnosis and treatment

Squamous cell carcinoma of the bilharzial and non-bilharzial urinary bladder: a review of etiological features, natural history, and management

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