Verrucous carcinomas of the head and neck, including those with associated squamous cell carcinoma, lack transcriptionally active high-risk human papillomavirus

briefly discussed. The most important innovation is brought by the section on precursor lesions, in which a unified twotier classification, consisting of low-and high-grade dysplasia, is introduced. The proposed two-tier system can also be transformed into a three-tier classification for treatment purposes, with a distinction between carcinoma in situ and high-grade dysplasia. The reviewed morphological criteria of the proposed system are based on the amended Ljubljana classification. The section on laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) represents a considerable improvement in terminology and classification. NEC are divided into well-, moderate-and poorly-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma. The latter is additionally divided into small cell NEC and large cell NEC (LCNEC). It is of extreme importance that LCNEC, which was associated in the WHO 2005 edition with atypical carcinoid/moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma, grade II, has now been transferred into the group of poorly differentiated NEC, grade III, displaying a specific morphology and poorer prognosis.

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“…Thus, it appears that VSCC of the head and neck (Fig. 2a) is not associated with infection with HPV [34][35][36].…”

Section: Etiopathogenesis Of Conventional Squamous Cell Carcinoma Sumentioning

confidence: 90%

Update from the 4th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours: What is New in the 2017 WHO Blue Book for Tumours of the Hypopharynx, Larynx, Trachea and Parapharyngeal Space

Gale

Poljak

Zidar

2017

Head and Neck Pathol

133

113

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“…The detection of hPV 18 DNA in 40% of OVCs reveals an association between hPV and OVC although the potential etiologic and prognostic significance of HPV in OVC deserves further exploration (34). On the contrary, other scholars argued that the role of hPV might be occasional as there was no verified correlation between OVC and HPV in their work (36)(37)(38). For instance, de Spíndula-Filho et al examined the role of hPV in cellular proliferation in OVC based on quantitative analyses of 39 OSCCs, 8 OVCs and 9 normal mucosa samples.…”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral verrucous carcinoma: From multifactorial etiology to diverse treatment regimens (Review)

Peng

Wang

Quan

et al. 2016

International Journal of Oncology

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Abstract. Oral verrucous carcinoma (OVC) is a verrucous variant of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which accounts for 2-12% of all oral carcinomas with a 5-year survival rate of only approximately 50%. Enormous effort has been dedicated to this cancer, and the past decades have witnessed significant advances in relevant diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Currently, there exist three challenges from primary sub-fields of research and clinical practice of the cancer, namely multifactorial etiology, complex molecular mechanism, and deficient treatment. This study reviews the existing literature on the cancer, encompassing its etiology, clinical manifestations and pathology, molecular mechanism, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and treatment. For improved treatment of OVC, multifactorial etiology analysis, incorporation of effective biomarkers for mechanism illustration, and integration of multidisciplinary modalities are expounded, in an attempt to resolve the challenges and to provide a useful guide for future research in the field.

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“…For verrucous carcinoma, studies are only available looking for HPV DNA (not combined with p16 testing) and these have shown the tumors to be negative [25]. A large study on verrucous carcinoma across the other major head and neck anatomic subsites showed that tumors are not related to transcriptionally-active high risk HPV [26] so it seems to be a similar case in the sinonasal tract. The potential prognostic significance of HPV in sinonasal SCCs is discussed below.…”

Section: Human Papillomavirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Review with Emphasis on Emerging Histologic Subtypes and the Role of Human Papillomavirus

Lewis

2016

Head and Neck Pathol

Self Cite

111

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The sinonasal tract is one of the least frequent sites for squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck. However, it is still a complex tumor type for pathologists because there are numerous histologic variants with unusual morphologic features, several non-squamous carcinomas in the differential diagnosis that can have similar morphology and even squamous differentiation, and because of the increasing recognition of human papillomavirus (HPV) in a subset of the tumors. In addition, the unique and complex anatomy of the sinonasal tract can make proper staging and management of patients' tumors quite challenging. This article reviews sinonasal tract squamous cell carcinoma in depth and provides the latest data on Schneiderian papillomas and HPV in their pathogenesis.

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Verrucous carcinomas of the head and neck, including those with associated squamous cell carcinoma, lack transcriptionally active high-risk human papillomavirus

Cited by 41 publications

References 30 publications

Update from the 4th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours: What is New in the 2017 WHO Blue Book for Tumours of the Hypopharynx, Larynx, Trachea and Parapharyngeal Space

Update from the 4th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours: What is New in the 2017 WHO Blue Book for Tumours of the Hypopharynx, Larynx, Trachea and Parapharyngeal Space

Oral verrucous carcinoma: From multifactorial etiology to diverse treatment regimens (Review)

Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Review with Emphasis on Emerging Histologic Subtypes and the Role of Human Papillomavirus

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