Verrucous venous malformations of the hand

Abstract

Verrucous venous malformation is a rare vascular anomaly that presents as a deep purple skin stain and evolves into a larger scaly, keratotic lesion that can bleed and cause pain. Because of its similarity to other vascular lesions, it is often misdiagnosed and treated incorrectly. Ten patients with hand verrucous venous malformations evaluated between 1990 and 2017 were reviewed. Diagnosis was confirmed with histopathology. Six patients were initially misdiagnosed and two patients were incorrectly treated. Eight patients had excision procedures. Immunostaining for glucose transporter 1 protein was positive in all specimens that underwent staining. Most (three of four) of the patients with isolated small lesions remained disease free postoperatively, but those with larger lesions experienced recurrence or continued growth. Early recognition of verrucous venous malformation is important because nonsurgical ablative techniques are ineffective; the optimal treatment is surgery. Level of evidence: IV

Management of an extensive form of verrucous hemangioma with staged skin grafting: A case report

“…14 Some authors consider VH as a vascular tumor 2 whereas the others as a malformation. 8 , 14 , 15 Thus, classification of VH is still unclear because it shows clinical features similar to those of vascular malformation but immunoprofile similar to vascular neoplasms. However, the ISSVA 2018 classification places verrucous hemangioma under venous malformations.…”

“… 6 For large and extensive lesions, surgical excision, or combination of the above modalities has been effective. 7 , 8 …”

“…6 For large and extensive lesions, surgical excision, or combination of the above modalities has been effective. 7,8 Herein, we report a case of a 20-year-old male with large extensive lesions involving left lower extremity managed with excision and staged split-thickness skin grafting (STSG).…”

Verrucous venous malformation

“…VVMs have been treated with laser therapy, radiotherapy, surgery, cryotherapy, topical corticosteroids, and sirolimus with variable success. These lesions tend not to respond to minimally invasive treatments such as cryo-ablation [4]. Several studies have suggested that complete excision is optimal, as they tend to enlarge and become more keratotic in response to injury, infection, or subtotal resection [5].…”

Palmar Venous Malformation: A Case Report of a Rare Occurrence and a Treatment Algorithm

“… 9 Venous malformations of the hand are a rare entity and there is not enough guidance regarding the treatment of these lesions. 10 Under the pathology microscope, venous malformations are characterized by masses of veins and venules of different dimensions lined by a single layer of endothelial cells.…”