Due to intestinal malabsorption and poor water solubility,
vitamin
D (VitD) deficiency in ulcerative colitis (UC) continues to increase.
Medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols (MLCT), as novel lipids, have
been widely applied in the field of functional food and medicine nutrition.
Our previous studies showed that the difference in MLCT structure
could affect VitD bioaccessibility in vitro. In this
study, our results further indicate that, although identical in fatty
acid composition, structured triacylglycerol (STG) had a higher VitD
bioavailability (AUC = 15470.81 μg/L × h) and metabolism
efficacy [s-25(OH)D, p < 0.05] than physical mixtures
of triacylglycerol (PM), which further affect the amelioration efficiency
in UC mice. Compared with PM, the damage of colonic tissues, intestinal
barrier proteins, and inflammatory cytokines in STG showed better
amelioration at the same dose of VitD. This study provides a comprehensive
understanding of the mechanism of nutrients in different carriers
and a solution for developing nutrients with high absorption efficiency.