«Verschroben»-phenomenon in schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders: aspects of systematics

Smulevich, A B; Романов, Д. В.; Mukhorina, Anna; Atadzhikova, J. A.

doi:10.17116/jnevro2017117115-16

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…According to traditional and modern clinicians, these patterns are more characteristic of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, including schizotypy. us, these ndings may indirectly support the modern view of the oddity phenomenon as pertaining to the spectrum of negative disorders, as hypothesized in the recent work by Russian clinicians (Smulevich et al, 2017). On the other hand, these results can also indicate the tendency of clinicians to employ some symptoms of motivational impairments in thinking (e.g., tangential thinking, or cognitive slippage) as inconspicuous signs of oddity itself.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…In modern Russian psychiatry, oddity is studied under the name of "Verschroben"-type negative changes in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (Mukhorina, 2018;Smulevich, Romanov, Mukhorina, & Atadzhykova, 2017). is line of research is mainly grounded in studies of schizotypy as a categorical construct, and traditional Russian clinical studies of schizophrenia -namely, the Verschroben-type defect (Smulevich, 2016;Snezhnevsky, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our study, we have proposed a set of manifestations of this syndrome, which include: 1) distinctness of behavior that is not congruent with the social and cultural context of one's life; 2) impairment of social functioning; 3) emotional de cit such as coldness and/or blunted a ect; 4) occupational dysfunction; and 5) unusual perceptions of one's body, distorted bodily image, and/or psychosomatic disorders (Smulevich et al, 2017). As can be seen, this list includes cognitive, emotional, and behavioral patterns that move beyond the criterion of social perception, which allows more clarity and exibility for qualitative study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Study of Oddity in a Russian Clinical Sample

Atadzhykova¹,

Enikolopov²

2021

Psych. Rus.

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Background. At the beginning of 20th century, the phenomenon of oddity began to be studied. It was de!ned as a set of characteristics responsible for an individual giving the impression of being unusual, odd, and peculiar. Later, psychiatrists integrated oddity into the concept of schizotypy. Yet, while considered a part of the schizotypy construct, oddity has remained singular and maintained its status as an independent dimension. Objective. "e present article discusses oddity as a set of particular clinical traits that can be evaluated both by self-report measures and clinical assessment. We set out to investigate the oddity phenomena as manifested in a clinical sample, in order to delineate key features that constitute this concept. Design. Seventy-one patients were selected according to a speci!c set of criteria and subjected to a set of self-report measures (the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire and the Adult Personality Traits Questionnaire), a clinical interview, and a pathopsychological experiment. A number of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional characteristics were analyzed. An intra-group comparison was carried out in order to clarify the potential di#erences between the self-reported and clinically assessed phenomenon of oddity. Results. "e study’s !rst !nding was that the SPQ-74 does not identify odd personalities in the general population, as re$ected in the fact that the sample’s average scores proved to be low. Secondly, restricted emotionality and a de!cit in social interactions proved to be the prevalent characteristics of the sample of “odd” individuals. Furthermore, a set of certain speech peculiarities (word coinage, bizarrerie, etc.) and thinking impairments of various types (distortion of abstraction level and motivational de!cit) emerged as prominent characteristics in the majority of subjects. Finally, it was determined that clinical assessment allows for a more comprehensive evaluation of the psychology of odd personalities than self-report measures, due to a number of the personality, temperamental, and cognitive characteristics that the latter tend to exhibit. Conclusion. “Odd” individuals can be characterized by a number of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral features independent of social perception and relevant to clinical practice; they can be captured more successfully by the application of qualitative methods. Further research is needed to elaborate this set of traits and test this hypothesis on new samples.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Study of Oddity in a Russian Clinical Sample

Atadzhykova¹,

Enikolopov²

2021

Psych. Rus.

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“…is makes it possible to study mental disorders that do not reach the level of psychosis, to better understand the genetics, pathogenesis, and cognitive symptoms related to psychotic illnesses. At the same time, clinicians and researchers are uncertain about the boundaries on the continuum of personality pathology and psychotic pathology in SPD (Anderson & Sellbom, 2018;Smulevich, Romanov, Mukhorina, & Atadzhikova, 2017). ere are di erent mechanisms and factors that could lead to a transition from constitutional traits to susceptibility to the development of psychotic disorders: neuroanatomical peculiarities (Dickey et al, 2005;Dickey, McCarley, & Shenton, 2002;Liu et al, 2016), genetic factors (Zouraraki, Karamaouna, Karagiannopoulou, & Giakoumaki, 2017), psycho-physiological mechanisms (Ahn, Lustenberger, Jarskog, & Fröhlich, 2020;Hazlett et al, 2015;Rabella et al, 2016), etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Performance of Visual Perceptual Tasks in Patients with Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Chepeliuk¹,

Vinogradova²

2021

Psych. Rus.

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Background. The most significant features for clinical diagnosis of schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) are cognitive-perceptual and disorganized symptoms. Experimental study of visual perceptual processes is important to elucidate the psychological mechanisms of cognitive-perceptual impairment in SPD. Objective. To research the performance of visual perceptual tasks in SPD. Design. Series I and II presented the subjects with visual perceptual tasks with different types of instructions (vague, verbal, or visual perceptual cues). The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-R) was also administered. The participants were 39 SPD patients, 36 obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) patients (F.21.8, F.60.5 in ICD-10, respectively), and 102 healthy controls. Results. SPD patients had a significantly lower number of correct answers in conditions of vague instruction and verbal cues in Series I of a visual-perceptual task in comparison with healthy subjects (р ≤ 0.01). With visual perceptual cues in Series II, patients with SPD had the same number of correct answers as controls, whereas OCPD patients had the same number of correct answers as controls with verbal cues in Series I. SPD patients had significantly lower scores in most verbal and nonverbal WAIS-R subtests in comparison with controls. SPD patients differed from OCPD patients in that they had lower scores in the “Information” (p ≤ 0.05) and “Comprehension” (p ≤ 0.05) subtests. Conclusion. With visual-perceptual cues, SPD patients were able to achieve normative results in the performance of visual-perceptual tasks, whereas patients with OCPD demonstrated lower productivity. In SPD patients, the basic impairments were associated with difficulties in inhibition of peculiar responses, stability of a subjective manner of performance and inability to revise it, low orientation to the model, and slipping into subjective associations with the stimuli.

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Evolution of the schizophrenic deficit concept

Smulevich

Романов

Воронова

et al. 2017

Z. nevrol. psikhiatr. im. S.S. Korsakova

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The relevance of this study is the high prevalence and clinical heterogeneity of deficit states in chronic schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The study aimed at analyzing negative symptoms in schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders from historical and modern perspectives. An analysis of available literature, along with own observations, has been performed. It was found that negative symptoms comprise 3 clinical types: 1) 'pseudopsychopathic' type (overlapping personality dimensions and premorbid/initial negative symptoms), 2) pseudoorganic/asthenic/pseudobradiphrenic type (pseudoorganic states), developing at different stages of schizophrenia), 3) 'new'-life pseudopsychopathic type (not associated with premorbid personality traits), developing at late stages in schizophrenia. The trajectory heterogeneity of negative symptoms in their relation to positive symptoms has been defined: simultaneous-continuous course (synchronous course of positive and negative symptoms), polar course (alternative development of predominantly positive or negative symptoms), simultaneous-phasic course (pseudopsychopathic negative symptoms, attracting depressive symptoms, or depression that exacerbates latent deficit). The authors discuss some aspects of psychopharmacological treatment of negative symptoms. Negative symptoms in schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders differ clinically, have heterogeneous trajectory course, and require differentiated approach with regard to psychopathological qualification, prognosis and treatment.

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«Verschroben»-phenomenon in schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders: aspects of systematics

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

A Study of Oddity in a Russian Clinical Sample

A Study of Oddity in a Russian Clinical Sample

The Performance of Visual Perceptual Tasks in Patients with Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Evolution of the schizophrenic deficit concept

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