Vertebral osteomyelitis caused byMycobacterium abscessus

Abstract

Mycobacterium infection caused by non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTBM) organisms is becoming more common. Although NTBM osteomyelitis is unusual, it can occur in otherwise healthy individuals, but it is also associated with immunocompromised states, such as steroidal therapy and AIDS, and may be observed following trauma. Mycobacterium avium is reported to be the most common causative agent, and Mycobacterium abscessus has only been described in two cases. We report the case of a 44-year-old man with history of hepatitis C diagnosed with osteomyelitis of the thoracic spine caused by M abscessus. We present a literature review of NTBM osteomyelitis and a discussion of its diagnosis and treatment.

Severe hypercalcemia in a patient with extrapulmonaryMycobacterium abscessus: granuloma or immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome? First case ofMycobacterium abscessuspresenting as retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy with severe hypercalcemia: a case report and literature review

“…[23][24][25][26][27] Bone and joint infection have been also reported in the form of septic arthritis after medical procedures [28]. However, isolated bone infection with M. abscessus is rare and only one case of vertebral osteomyelitis has been reported [29]. Ocular infections can occur after medical interventions, trauma or implant and M. abscessus accounts for about 10% of NTM ocular infections [30].…”

Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Musculoskeletal Infection Cases from a Tertiary Referral Center, Colorado, USA

“…Previous case reports and series of NTM musculoskeletal infections have focused on the demographics, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with these difficult-to-manage infections (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24). Patients were often immunocompetent persons who contracted an NTM disease after direct inoculation via traumatic skin puncture (25)(26)(27)(28).…”

Mycobacteriological characteristics and treatment outcomes in extrapulmonary Mycobacterium abscessus complex infections

“…The treatment response in patients with septic arthritis due to M. massiliense was good after about 12 months of antibiotic treatment with or without surgery (Jung et al, 2015;Lee et al, 2016). Vertebral osteomyelitis due to NTM is usually caused by slowly growing mycobacteria such as Mycobacterium avium complex or Mycobacterium xenopi, whereas causation by MABC is rare, and additionally, most previous studies have not performed subspecies identification (Garcia et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2016). NTM ocular infections have increasingly been reported over the past few decades and are typically linked to medical interventions, trauma, and implants (Kheir et al, 2015).…”