Vertical and horizontal extension of the oxygen minimum zone in the eastern South Pacific Ocean

Coupled CO<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub>-driven compromises to marine life in summer along the Chilean sector of the Humboldt Current System

“…Indeed, the close relationship between O 2 and pH allows the scaling of two threats, thus far mostly treated as independent, to rising CO 2 levels. low oxygen values, leading to an extensive subsurface oxygen minimum zone as reported by previous studies (Fuenzalida et al, 2009;Silva et al, 2009). Llanillo et al (2011) found that the ESSW, centered at 200-250 m depths, flow poleward progressively loosing their identity through mixing with the overlying SAAW and the underlying AAIW until they are no longer recognizable at 41.6 • S.…”

Nitrogen cycling driven by organic matter export in the South Pacific oxygen minimum zone

“…2d; supplementary Table 1). Altogether, anammox accounts for an annual N-loss of ~10 Tg in an area of 1.2x10 6 km², which is at the lower end of earlier estimates for the ETSP (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26) Tg N y -1 ) 13,18,23,35 . 170…”

Benthic nitrogen cycling traversing the Peruvian oxygen minimum zone

“…The upwelling intensity is seasonally variable and is most intense in austral winter and spring with interannual variability imposed by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (Morales et al, 1999;Kessler, 2006). The vertical extension of the OMZ reaches 700 m water depth off Peru (defined as O 2 < 20 µmol kg -1 ; Fuenzalida et al 2009), with an upper boundary that may be as shallow as 50 m (Morales et al, 1999) and deepen to ca. 200 m (e.g.…”