Vertical distribution and contamination assessment of heavy metals in sediment cores of ship breaking area of Bangladesh

Contamination and Ecological Risk Assessment of Metal(loid)s in Sediments of Two Major Seaports along Bay of Bengal Coast

“…Wedapohl [31] because they provided background values for every kind of sediment. The CF values were classified into four groups to reflect the metal enrichment in the sediment.…”

“…where R I is considered as the sum of all risk factors for heavy metals, E i r is the monomial potential ecological-risk factor, T i r is the toxic-response factor for a given substance, which accounts for the toxic and sensitivity requirements, and the values for Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Pb, and Cd are 2, 1, 5, 1, 10, 5, and 30, respectively [31,38]. The potential ecological risk of coastal sediments posed by heavy metals was classified into five categories, per Hakanson [38]: low risk (E r i < 30 and R I < 100), moderate risk (30 ≤ E r i < 50 and 100 ≤ R I < 150), considerable risk (50 ≤ E r i < 100 and 150 ≤ R I < 200), very high risk (100 ≤ E r i < 150 and 200 ≤ R I < 300), and disastrous risk (E r i ≥ 100 and R I ≥ 300).…”

“…Heavy-metal contamination in aquatic sediments and its possible effects on the environment and human health have been widely investigated in most parts of the world [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. In Bangladesh, several investigations on heavy metals in coastal surface sediments [26][27][28][29][30] and in ship-breaking sediments [31] have been conducted. Many studies have evaluated heavy metals from port areas in various regions of the world [3,32,33], but no particular information regarding heavy metals in sediments and their risks from seaport areas of Bangladesh is available so far.…”

Chemical Speciation and Potential Mobility of Heavy Metals in Organic Matter Amended Soil

“…Soil and sediments contaminated with heavy metals are often hazardous [5]. ese heavy metals can deposit in the human body through the food chain and are very harmful agents for humans due to the lack of an e cient excretion mechanism in the human body [6,7]. It causes lung cancer, proliferative lesions of the prostate, bone fractures, dysfunction of the liver and kidney, nerve tissue damage, and hypertension in humans [6,8] by getting mixed up in the food chain [9,10].…”

Assessment of Metal Contamination in Water of Freshwater Aquaculture Farms from a South Asian Tropical Coastal Area

“…Heavy metal pollution can deteriorate water quality and a pose threat to human beings as well as aquatic biodiversity [10,11]. Typically, its concentrations in aquatic ecosystems are checked by measuring its concentration in water, sediment and aquatic organisms [12], which generally exist in low levels in water and attain considerable concentrations in sediments and organisms [13].…”