Vertical distribution of epiphytic lichens on Quercus robur L. in Görükle Campus Area of Bursa Uludag University (Bursa, Türkiye)

Abstract

In this study, the vertical change of epiphytic lichen species on Quercus robur was examined in Johansson zones based on frequency and cover values. A total of 20 epiphytic lichen species were determined. Total frequency and cover values of epiphytic lichen species show significant changes in Johansson regions. Beta diversity and Shannon diversity index values shows significant change with Johansson zone pairs. There is a significant difference in epiphytic lichen diversity between the Z1Z2 zone pair corresponding to the base and middle part of trunk on trees, and the Z4Z5 zone pair corresponding to the branches. Athallia pyracea, Catillaria nigroclavata, Physcia adscendens and Rinodina pyrina were positively correlated with Johansson zones, while Phaeophyscia orbicularis was negatively correlated with Johansson zones. A. pyracea is an indicator species especially for thin branches (Z5). P. adscendens is an indicator for Z4 and Ph. orbicularis is for the trunk part of the tree (Z1, Z2 and Z3).