Vertical distribution of Eucalanoid copepods within the Costa Rica Dome area of the Eastern Tropical Pacific

Jackson, Melanie; Smith, Sharon L.

doi:10.1093/plankt/fbv117

Cited by 11 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Chen (1986) analyzed vertical distributions for both individual copepod taxa and large multispecies samples, collected with openingclosing bongo nets, at stations along a transect from Baja California to the Equator during the Krill Expedition. Copepod vertical distributions in the Costa Rica Dome, long known as a productive feature important to fisheries (Fiedler, 2002;Landry et al, 2016), have been reported (Décima et al, 2016;Fiedler, 2002;Jackson and Smith, 2016;Landry et al, 2016;Sameoto, 1986;Vinogradov et al, 1991;Wishner et al, 2013). Copepod vertical distributions from MOC-NESS tows near the Volcano 7 seamount in the ETNP (13 • N, 102 • W) were described by Saltzman and Wishner (1997).…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ocean deoxygenation and copepods: coping with oxygen minimum zone variability

2020

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Abstract. Increasing deoxygenation (loss of oxygen) of the ocean, including expansion of oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), is a potentially important consequence of global warming. We examined present-day variability of vertical distributions of 23 calanoid copepod species in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific (ETNP) living in locations with different water column oxygen profiles and OMZ intensity (lowest oxygen concentration and its vertical extent in a profile). Copepods and hydrographic data were collected in vertically stratified day and night MOCNESS (Multiple Opening/Closing Net and Environmental Sensing System) tows (0–1000 m) during four cruises over a decade (2007–2017) that sampled four ETNP locations: Costa Rica Dome, Tehuantepec Bowl, and two oceanic sites further north (21–22∘ N) off Mexico. The sites had different vertical oxygen profiles: some with a shallow mixed layer, abrupt thermocline, and extensive very low oxygen OMZ core; and others with a more gradual vertical development of the OMZ (broad mixed layer and upper oxycline zone) and a less extensive OMZ core where oxygen was not as low. Calanoid copepod species (including examples from the genera Eucalanus, Pleuromamma, and Lucicutia) demonstrated different distributional strategies (implying different physiological characteristics) associated with this variability. We identified sets of species that (1) changed their vertical distributions and depth of maximum abundance associated with the depth and intensity of the OMZ and its oxycline inflection points; (2) shifted their depth of diapause; (3) adjusted their diel vertical migration, especially the nighttime upper depth; or (4) expanded or contracted their depth range within the mixed layer and upper part of the thermocline in association with the thickness of the aerobic epipelagic zone (habitat compression concept). These distribution depths changed by tens to hundreds of meters depending on the species, oxygen profile, and phenomenon. For example, at the lower oxycline, the depth of maximum abundance for Lucicutia hulsemannae shifted from ∼600 to ∼800 m, and the depth of diapause for Eucalanus inermis shifted from ∼500 to ∼775 m, in an expanded OMZ compared to a thinner OMZ, but remained at similar low oxygen levels in both situations. These species or life stages are examples of “hypoxiphilic” taxa. For the migrating copepod Pleuromamma abdominalis, its nighttime depth was shallow (∼20 m) when the aerobic mixed layer was thin and the low-oxygen OMZ broad, but it was much deeper (∼100 m) when the mixed layer and higher oxygen extended deeper; daytime depth in both situations was ∼300 m. Because temperature decreased with depth, these distributional depth shifts had metabolic implications. The upper ocean to mesopelagic depth range encompasses a complex interwoven ecosystem characterized by intricate relationships among its inhabitants and their environment. It is a critically important zone for oceanic biogeochemical and export processes and hosts key food web components for commercial fisheries. Among the zooplankton, there will likely be winners and losers with increasing ocean deoxygenation as species cope with environmental change. Changes in individual copepod species abundances, vertical distributions, and life history strategies may create potential perturbations to these intricate food webs and processes. Present-day variability provides a window into future scenarios and potential effects of deoxygenation.

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Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ocean deoxygenation and copepods: coping with oxygen minimum zone variability

2020

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“…Overall population distributions at particular locations in this and prior work usually encompassed a range of oxygen concentrations, although most earlier studies had relatively broad sampling strata that did not isolate specific oxygen ranges or did not have electronic oxygen sensors co-located on the zooplankton sampling systems. DVM by this species, usually over a relatively short depth range between the near-surface and UO, was reported by some authors at some times and places, but not others (Escribano et al, 2009;Jackson and Smith, 2016).…”

Section: Diapausing In the Omzmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Chen (1986) analyzed vertical distributions for both individual copepod taxa and large multispecies samples, collected with opening-closing bongo nets, at stations along a transect from Baja California to the equator during the Krill Expedition. Copepod vertical distributions in the Costa Rica Dome, long known as a productive feature important to fisheries (Fiedler, 2002;Landry et al, 2016), have been reported (Décima et al, 2016;Fiedler, 2002;Jackson and Smith, 2016;Landry et al, 2016;Sameoto, 1986;Vinogradov et al, 1991;Wishner et al, 2013). Copepod vertical distributions from MOCNESS tows near the Volcano 7 seamount in the ETNP (13°N 102°W) were described by Saltzman and Wishner (1997).…”

Section: Epipelagic Habitat Compression and Mixed Layer Species Respomentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Eucalanus inermis is endemic to the ETP, occurring both north and south of the equator (Chen, 1986;Fleminger, 1973;Goetze, 2003Goetze, , 2010Goetze and Ohman, 2010;Hidalgo et al, 2005bHidalgo et al, , 2005aJackson and Smith, 2016;Sameoto, 1986). It is known to inhabit extremely low oxygen water (Boyd et al, 1980;Escribano et al, 2009;Judkins, 1980;Saltzman and Wishner, 1997;Wishner et al, 2013), as well as oxygenated depths, and has unique physiological and biochemical adaptations for the low oxygen environment Cass and Daly, 2015).…”

Section: Diapausing In the Omzmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ocean Deoxygenation and Copepods: Coping with Oxygen Minimum Zone Variability

Wishner¹,

Seibel²,

Outram³

2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Increasing deoxygenation (loss of oxygen) of the ocean, including expansion of oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), is a potentially important consequence of global warming. We examined present day variability of vertical distributions of copepod species in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific (ETNP) living in locations with different water column oxygen profiles and OMZ intensity (lowest oxygen concentration and its vertical extent in a profile). Copepods and hydrographic data were collected in vertically-stratified day and night MOCNESS tows (0&#8211;1000&#8201;m) during 4 cruises over a decade (2007&#8211;2017) that sampled 4 ETNP locations: Costa Rica Dome, Tehuantepec Bowl, and 2 oceanic sites further north (21&#176;&#8211;22&#176;&#8201;N) off Mexico. The sites had different vertical oxygen profiles: some with a shallow mixed layer, abrupt thermocline, and extensive very low oxygen OMZ core, and others with a more gradual vertical development of the OMZ (broad mixed layer and upper oxycline zone) and a less extensive OMZ core where oxygen was not as low. Copepod species (including examples from the genera Eucalanus, Pleuromamma, and Lucicutia) demonstrated different distributional strategies and physiologies associated with this variability. We identified sets of species that (1) changed their vertical distributions and depth of maximum abundance associated with the depth and intensity of the OMZ and its oxycline inflection points, (2) shifted their depth of diapause, (3) adjusted their diel vertical migration, especially the nighttime upper depth, or (4) expanded or contracted their depth range within the mixed layer and upper part of the thermocline in association with the thickness of the aerobic epipelagic zone (habitat compression concept). The upper ocean to mesopelagic depth range encompasses a complex interwoven ecosystem characterized by intricate relationships among its inhabitants and their environment. It is a critically important zone for oceanic biogeochemical and export processes and hosts key food web components for commercial fisheries. Among the zooplankton, there will likely be winners and losers with increasing ocean deoxygenation as species cope with environmental change. Changes in individual copepod species abundances, vertical distributions, and life history strategies may create potential perturbations to these intricate food webs and processes. Present day variability provides a window into future scenarios and potential effects of deoxygenation.

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“…In TrE, as found in our study, the wide ranges in the physico-chemical variables in upper 1000 m demand a high tolerance for the organisms to have an active migration tendency. Though the major driving force for the DVM may differ from species to species, as found in several earlier studies [31,32], in TrE, the major challenging factor for organisms is to be tolerant to this wide range of the physico-chemical variables. This, in turn, results in restricted vertical migration of the organism present in the system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Plankton and the Invisible Barriers in the Tropical Ocean

Karati¹,

Vineetha²,

Tv³

et al. 2017

JAMB

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Diel vertical migration (DVM) is one of the major biological rhythms observed among zooplankton. In tropical environments (TrE), zooplankton is believed to exhibit prominent DVM. Chaetognath, a major vertical migrator among zooplankton in the global ocean, was studied from the Bay of Bengal, an important zone in TrE of Indian Ocean. Here a novel method (abundance-weighted tolerance index) was introduced which was successful in predicting the species, capable of performing DVM. The vertical profiles of physico-chemical variables exhibited a wide variation in upper 1000 m and only two species of the total twenty-five species exhibited significant DVM which opposed the general concept of DVM in TrE. The pronounced variations in physico-chemical variables acted as invisible barriers for zooplankton to perform DVM. The observed restricted DVM will have significant impact on the marine ecological processes including biological pump in the system.

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Vertical distribution of Eucalanoid copepods within the Costa Rica Dome area of the Eastern Tropical Pacific

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Ocean deoxygenation and copepods: coping with oxygen minimum zone variability

Ocean deoxygenation and copepods: coping with oxygen minimum zone variability

Ocean Deoxygenation and Copepods: Coping with Oxygen Minimum Zone Variability

Plankton and the Invisible Barriers in the Tropical Ocean

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