Vertical Profiling Safeguards Drinking Water and Sheds Light on Cyanobacteria

Werblow, Steve

doi:10.1002/j.1551-8833.2008.tb09709.x

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…A common misconception is that cHAB risk exists only when surface scum is present; this is not generally true because many cyanobacteria exhibit diurnal buoyancy changes. The vertical location of a cHAB depends on the genera's water column dynamics (Chien et al , Brient et al , Werblow ) (Table ). Microcystis , Anabeana , and Aphanizomenon decrease buoyancy during the day and increase buoyancy throughout the night, whereas Planktothrix and Cylindrospermopsis have neutral buoyancy, and blooms form in the water column where light is most beneficial for growth.…”

Section: Occurrencementioning

confidence: 99%

A Cyanotoxin Primer for Drinking Water Professionals

Westrick

Szlag²

2018

Journal AWWA

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Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins became an emerging issue for the drinking water industry in 1998 by appearing in the first US Environmental Protection Agency drinking water Contaminant Candidate List (CCL 1). Before CCL, cyanotoxin contaminants did not fit into the two prevailing paradigms: synthetic chemicals and pathogens. Cyanotoxins added a new paradigm: natural chemical toxins. Driven by anthropogenic influences, nutrient loading, and climate change, cyanobacterial blooms are increasing in frequency and distribution. To efficiently produce potable water from a source impacted by a toxic cyanobacterial bloom, drinking water practitioners need to take a multidisciplinary approach. Bloom dynamics (biology), surrogate and analytical methods (chemistry), inactivation/removal of intra-and extracellular toxins and multibarrier treatment (engineering), and risk management (public health) must all be part of a comprehensive management strategy. This article provides a holistic primer for water professionals on cyanotoxin treatment and management using pertinent literature, technical sources, case studies, and experience.

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Section: Occurrencementioning

confidence: 99%

A Cyanotoxin Primer for Drinking Water Professionals

Westrick

Szlag²

2018

Journal AWWA

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A review of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins removal/inactivation in drinking water treatment

et al. 2010

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This review focuses on the efficiency of different water treatment processes for the removal of cyanotoxins from potable water. Although several investigators have studied full-scale drinking water processes to determine the efficiency of cyanotoxin inactivation, many of the studies were based on ancillary practice. In this context, "ancillary practice" refers to the removal or inactivation of cyanotoxins by standard daily operational procedures and without a contingency operational plan utilizing specific treatment barriers. In this review, "auxiliary practice" refers to the implementation of inactivation/removal treatment barriers or operational changes explicitly designed to minimize risk from toxin-forming algae and their toxins to make potable water. Furthermore, the best drinking water treatment practices are based on extension of the multibarrier approach to remove cyanotoxins from water. Cyanotoxins are considered natural contaminants that occur worldwide and specific classes of cyanotoxins have shown regional prevalence. For example, freshwaters in the Americas often show high concentrations of microcystin, anatoxin-a, and cylindrospermopsin, whereas Australian water sources often show high concentrations of microcystin, cylindrospermopsin, and saxitoxins. Other less frequently reported cyanotoxins include lyngbyatoxin A, debromoaplysiatoxin, and beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine. This review focuses on the commonly used unit processes and treatment trains to reduce the toxicity of four classes of cyanotoxins: the microcystins, cylindrospermopsin, anatoxin-a, and saxitoxins. The goal of this review is to inform the reader of how each unit process participates in a treatment train and how an auxiliary multibarrier approach to water treatment can provide safer water for the consumer.

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Cost-Effective Automated Water Quality Monitoring Systems Providing High-Resolution Data in Near Real-Time

Ellison¹,

Cook²

2009

World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009

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Vertical Profiling Safeguards Drinking Water and Sheds Light on Cyanobacteria

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

A Cyanotoxin Primer for Drinking Water Professionals

A Cyanotoxin Primer for Drinking Water Professionals

A review of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins removal/inactivation in drinking water treatment

Cost-Effective Automated Water Quality Monitoring Systems Providing High-Resolution Data in Near Real-Time

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