A water-oxidation catalyst with high
intrinsic activity is the
foundation for developing any type of water-splitting device. To celebrate
its 10 years anniversary, in this Perspective we focus on the state-of-the-art
molecular water-oxidation catalysts (MWOCs), the Ru-bda series (bda
= 2,2′-bipyridine-6,6′-dicarboxylate), to offer strategies
for the design and synthesis of more advanced MWOCs. The OO
bond formation mechanisms, derivatives, applications, and reasons
behind the outstanding catalytic activities of Ru-bda catalysts are
summarized and discussed. The excellent performance of the Ru-bda
catalyst is owing to its unique structural features: the distortion
induced 7-coordination and the carboxylate ligands with coordination
flexibility, proton-transfer function as well as small steric hindrance.
Inspired by the Ru-bda catalysts, we emphasize that the introduction
of negatively charged groups, such as the carboxylate group, into
ligands is an effective strategy to lower the onset potential of MWOCs.
Moreover, distortion of the regular configuration of a transition
metal complex by ligand design to generate a wide open site as the
catalytic site for binding the substrate as an extra-coordination
is proposed as a new concept for the design of efficient molecular
catalysts. These inspirations can be expected to play a great role
in not only water-oxidation catalysis but also other small molecule
activation and conversion reactions involving artificial photosynthesis,
such as CO2 reduction and N2 fixation reactions.