Vertical transmission of TnSNPV, TnCPV, AcMNPV, and possibly recombinant NPV in Trichoplusia ni

Fuxa, James R.; Richter, Arthur R.; Ameen, Ayesha; Hammock, Bruce D.

doi:10.1016/s0022-2011(02)00003-4

Cited by 42 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In addition to detrimental but non-lethal effects in inoculated insects, many studies have found secondary infections in the offspring of these insects. Vertical transmission of virus from one generation to the next may occur either via contamination of the egg surface with virus during oviposition (transovum) or via virus OBs of viral DNA within the eggs (transovarial), including transfer of latent infection (Fuxa et al 2002;Kukan 1999;Melamed-Madjar and Raccah 1979;Myers et al 2000). Infection levels can be as high as 50% in the progeny of adults that were exposed to virus as larvae (Kukan 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical transmission of sublethal granulovirus infection in the tobacco caterpillar Spodoptera litura

et al. 2010

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Larvae that survived sublethal infection of Spodoptera litura granulovirus (SlGV) as 4th and 5th instars led to an increase in the larval period of treated larvae when compared with control. While pupal period and pupal weight remained unaffected, a significant alteration in sex ratio was observed. Although survivor moths could mate successfully, there was a significant reduction in the proportion of ovipositing females in treated larvae as compared with control. A significant reduction in fecundity of moths emerging from treated larvae was also noticed, but the egg viability was never influenced by the treatment. However, there was a significant increase in progeny mortality in treated larvae over control. The offspring mortality in survivors increased up to three subsequent generations but not thereafter. Hence, repeated field applications of inoculum are required. The implication of the present findings in terms of reduced fecundity coupled with increased larval development indicates that vertical transmission can lead to increased virus dispersal, both of which would reduce the host's innate capacity for population increase. This is particularly important in S. litura, which is a migratory species and occurs sporadically in a particular agro-ecosystem.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical transmission of sublethal granulovirus infection in the tobacco caterpillar Spodoptera litura

et al. 2010

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“…The mechanisms by which the virus persists in the cells of sublethally infected insects without triggering apoptosis remains unclear, although advances in the field of microRNA research may soon shed light on this issue (33). Covert infections are believed to persist in one of two forms: as a latent infection in which the virus is not replicating and transcriptional activity is minimal, or as a sublethal infection in which the virus is transcriptionally active and replication occurs at a low level (2,3,9). Compared to healthy conspecifics, sublethally infected insects can experience slower development rates, lower pupal and adult body weights, reduced reproductive capacity, or altered preoviposition period (26,30,38).…”

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confidence: 99%

Intra- and Intergenerational Persistence of an Insect Nucleopolyhedrovirus: Adverse Effects of Sublethal Disease on Host Development, Reproduction, and Susceptibility to Superinfection

Cabodevilla

Villar

Virto

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Sublethal infections by qPCR analysis indicated a consistently higher prevalence of sublethal infection than RT-PCR.Sublethal infection was associated with significant reductions in pupal weight, adult emergence, fecundity, and fertility (egg hatch) and significant increases in larval development time and duration of the preoviposition period. Insects taken from a persistently infected experimental population were significantly more susceptible to the OB inoculum than control insects that originated from the same virus-free colony as the persistently infected insects. We conclude that OB treatment results in rapid establishment of sublethal infections that persist between generations and which incur costs in the development and reproductive capacity of the host insect.

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“…PCR has been used extensively to identify baculovirus infections because of the sensitivity of the method (3,4,7,14,16,17). The rapid baculovirus DNA extraction protocol developed and described in this study was sensitive to a minimum of approximately 8 polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIBs), which was estimated to be the equivalent of 10 pg of extracted virus DNA (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Evaluation of Methods To Detect Nucleopolyhedroviruses in Larvae of the Douglas-Fir Tussock Moth, Orgyia pseudotsugata (McDunnough)

Thorne

Otvos

Conder

et al. 2007

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Various molecular methods are used to detect pathogenic microorganisms and viruses within their hosts, but these methods are rarely validated by direct comparison. Southern hybridization, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and a novel DNA extraction/PCR assay were used to detect Orgyia pseudotsugata multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (OpMNPV) in Douglas-fir tussock moth larvae. PCR was more sensitive than Southern hybridization and ELISA at detecting semipurified virus. ELISA, however, was the most accurate method for detecting virus within larvae, given that Southern hybridization and PCR produced false-negative results (31% and 2.5%, respectively). ELISA may be preferable in some applications because virus infections can be quantified (r 2 ‫؍‬ 0.995). These results may be applicable to both applied and academic research that seeks to accurately identify the incidence of viruses and microorganisms that regulate insect populations.

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Vertical transmission of TnSNPV, TnCPV, AcMNPV, and possibly recombinant NPV in Trichoplusia ni

Cited by 42 publications

References 19 publications

Vertical transmission of sublethal granulovirus infection in the tobacco caterpillar Spodoptera litura

Vertical transmission of sublethal granulovirus infection in the tobacco caterpillar Spodoptera litura

Intra- and Intergenerational Persistence of an Insect Nucleopolyhedrovirus: Adverse Effects of Sublethal Disease on Host Development, Reproduction, and Susceptibility to Superinfection

Development and Evaluation of Methods To Detect Nucleopolyhedroviruses in Larvae of the Douglas-Fir Tussock Moth, Orgyia pseudotsugata (McDunnough)

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