Verticillium survives heat in Mojave Desert alfalfa

Erwin, D. C.; Howell, Amy B.

doi:10.3733/ca.v052n04p24

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…V. alfalfae (previously named V. albo-atrum ‘alfalfa strains’) has been reported to survive in the Mojave Desert ( Erwin et al., 1988 ; Erwin and Howell, 1998 ) at temperature higher than 35°C. However, these strains are no longer available (A. Howell, personal communication).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Verticillium wilt of alfalfa ( Medicago sativa ) due to V. alfalfae (previously V. albo-atrum ‘alfalfa’ strains) or due to V. nonalfalfae ( Inderbitzin and Subbarao, 2014 ) has been reported in very diverse conditions, from cold-temperate European climate ( Richter and Klinkowski, 1938 ) to South-Californian desert ( Erwin et al., 1988 ). In North-America, the disease was first reported in 1962 in Quebec, in 1973 in Washington State ( Acharya and Huang, 2003 ) and in 1988 in Southern California, where it can occur at mean temperatures greater than 35°C ( Howell and Erwin, 1995 ; Erwin and Howell, 1998 ). This suggests that Verticillium spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Temperature increase modifies susceptibility to Verticillium wilt in Medicago spp and may contribute to the emergence of more aggressive pathogenic strains

Sbeiti

Mazurier²,

Ben³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Global warming is expected to have a direct impact on plant disease patterns in agro-eco-systems. However, few analyses report the effect of moderate temperature increase on disease severity due to soil-borne pathogens. For legumes, modifications of root plant-microbe interactions either mutualistic or pathogenic due to climate change may have dramatic effects. We investigated the effect of increasing temperature on the quantitative disease resistance to Verticillium spp., a major soil-borne fungal pathogen, in the model legume Medicago truncatula and the crop M. sativa. First, twelve pathogenic strains isolated from various geographical origin were characterized with regard to their in vitro growth and pathogenicity at 20°C, 25°C and 28°C. Most of them exhibited 25°C as the optimum temperature for in vitro parameters, and between 20°C and 25°C for pathogenicity. Second, a V. alfalfae strain was adapted to the higher temperature by experimental evolution, i.e. three rounds of UV mutagenesis and selection for pathogenicity at 28°C on a susceptible M. truncatula genotype. Inoculation of monospore isolates of these mutants on resistant and susceptible M. truncatula accessions revealed that at 28°C they were all more aggressive than the wild type strain, and that some had acquired the ability to cause disease on resistant genotype. Third, one mutant strain was selected for further studies of the effect of temperature increase on the response of M. truncatula and M. sativa (cultivated alfalfa). The response of seven contrasted M. truncatula genotypes and three alfalfa varieties to root inoculation was followed using disease severity and plant colonization, at 20°C, 25°C and 28°C. With increasing temperature, some lines switched from resistant (no symptoms, no fungus in the tissues) to tolerant (no symptoms but fungal growth into the tissues) phenotypes, or from partially resistant to susceptible. Further studies in greenhouse evidence the reduction in plant fitness due to disease in susceptible lines. We thus report that root pathogenic interactions are affected by anticipated global warming, with trends towards increased plant susceptibility and larger virulence for hot-adapted strains. New threats due to hot-adapted strains of soil-borne pathogens, with possibly wider host range and increased aggressiveness, might occur.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature increase modifies susceptibility to Verticillium wilt in Medicago spp and may contribute to the emergence of more aggressive pathogenic strains

Sbeiti

Mazurier²,

Ben³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This disease is one of the most destructive fungal diseases in the world and affects more than 200 different hosts, among them many economically important crops (Klosterman et al, 2011). It is found mainly in temperate regions, but can also occur in hotter climates (Erwin and Howell, 1998;Klosterman et al, 2011). The fungus enters the roots of its host plants through natural cracks or wounds and colonizes the xylem vessels which leads to their plugging through the production of gels in susceptible hosts (Cooper and Wood, 1980;Fradin and Thomma, 2006;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicago truncatula quantitative resistance to a new strain of Verticillium alfalfae from Iran revealed by a genome-wide association study

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Verticillium wilt is a major threat to many crops, among them alfalfa (Medicago sativa). The model plant Medicago truncatula, a close relative of alfalfa was used to study the genetic control of resistance towards a new Verticillium alfalfae isolate. The accidental introduction of pathogen strains through global trade is a threat to crop production and such new strains might also be better adapted to global warming. Isolates of V. alfalfae were obtained from alfalfa fields in Iran and characterized. The Iranian isolate AF1 was used in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 242 accessions from the Mediterranean region. Root inoculations were performed with conidia at 25°C and symptoms were scored regularly. Maximum Symptom Score and Area under Disease Progess Curve were computed as phenotypic traits to be used in GWAS and for comparison to a previous study with French isolate V31.2 at 20°C. This comparison showed high correlation with a shift to higher susceptibility, and similar geographical distribution of resistant and susceptible accessions to AF1 at 25°C, with resistant accessions mainly in the western part. GWAS revealed 30 significant SNPs linked to resistance towards isolate AF1. None of them were common to the previous study with isolate V31.2 at 20°C. To confirm these loci, the expression of nine underlying genes was studied. All genes were induced in roots following inoculation, in susceptible and resistant plants. However, in resistant plants induction was higher and lasted longer. Taken together, the use of a new pathogen strain and a shift in temperature revealed a completely different genetic control compared to a previous study that demonstrated the existence of two major QTLs. These results can be useful for Medicago breeding programs to obtain varieties better adapted to future conditions.

show abstract

Verticillium albo-atrum (verticillium wilt of lucerne)

2021

CABI Compendium

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Verticillium survives heat in Mojave Desert alfalfa

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Temperature increase modifies susceptibility to Verticillium wilt in Medicago spp and may contribute to the emergence of more aggressive pathogenic strains

Temperature increase modifies susceptibility to Verticillium wilt in Medicago spp and may contribute to the emergence of more aggressive pathogenic strains

Medicago truncatula quantitative resistance to a new strain of Verticillium alfalfae from Iran revealed by a genome-wide association study

Verticillium albo-atrum (verticillium wilt of lucerne)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About