Vertisols (cracking clay soils) in a climosequence of Peninsular India: Evidence for Holocene climate changes

Pal, Dilip Kumar; Bhattacharyya, T.; Chandran, P.; Ray, S.K.; Satyavathi, P.L.A.; Durge, S. L.; Raja, P.; Maurya, U.K.

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2008.12.013

Cited by 76 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…300 to 200 ka. The mottles and concretions within these soils, together with the presence of well-developed pressure faces and slickensides in the more clay rich horizons, suggest that the soils were subject to alternating wetting-drying cycles (Pal et al, 2009;Vepraskas and Lindbo, 2012). This hydromorphic interpretation is compatible with the position of soils within a fine-grained floodplain setting where the water table is close to the surface.…”

Section: Pp Cunha Et Al / Quaternary Science Reviews XXX (2016) 1ementioning

confidence: 52%

New data on the chronology of the Vale do Forno sedimentary sequence (Lower Tejo River terrace staircase) and its relevance as a fluvial archive of the Middle Pleistocene in western Iberia

Cunha

Martins

Buylaert

et al. 2017

Quaternary Science Reviews

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a b s t r a c tThe Vale do Forno archaeological sites (Alpiarça, central Portugal) document the earliest human occupation in the Lower Tejo River, well established in geomorphological and environmental terms, within the Middle Pleistocene. In a staircase of six fluvial terraces, the Palaeolithic sites were found on the T4 terrace (þ24 m, above river bed) which is made of a basal Lower Gravels unit (LG) and an overlying Upper Sands unit (US). Geomorphological mapping, coupled with lithostratigraphy, sedimentology and luminescence dating (quartz-OSL and K-feldspar post-IRIR 290 ) were used in this study. The oldest artefacts found in the LG unit show crude bifacial forms that can be attributed to the Acheulian. In contrast, the US unit has archaeological sites stratigraphically documenting successive phases of an evolved Acheulian. Luminescence dating and correlation with the Marine Isotopic Stages suggest that the LG unit has a probable age of ca. 335 to 325 ka and the US unit an age of ca. 325 to 155 ka. This is in contrast to previous interpretations ascribing this terrace (and lithic industries) to the Last Interglacial and early phases of the Last Glacial. The VF3 site (Milhar os), containing Micoquian (Final Acheulian) industries (with fine and elaborated bifaces), found in a stratigraphic level located between the T4 terrace deposits and a colluvium associated with Late Pleistocene aeolian sands, is younger than 155 ka but much older than 32 ka.© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. IntroductionUnderstanding of the Palaeolithic occupation of Northern Europe has been substantially based on evidence from rivers (e.g. Bridgland et al., 2006). For Western Europe and specifically in Iberia, insights into the Palaeolithic occupation is similarly derived from its major rivers (from north to south: Douro, Tejo/Tagus, Guadiana, Guadalquivir) (e.g. Santonja and Villa, 2006). Within this context, the Vale do Forno archaeological sites (Alpiarça, in central Portugal; Fig. 1) provide the earliest and most well documented human occupation in the Lower Tejo (the Portuguese part of the Tejo basin). Lower Palaeolithic bifacial sites are common, often well represented by lithic industries. Their local stratigraphy and technological characteristics indicate successive phases of what is commonly named as the Acheulian. However, they were chronologically poorly constrained.From the Spanish border to the Atlantic coast, the Tejo crosses major faults which provide a natural geomorphological subdivision of the river into a series of valley reaches (I to V;Cunha et al., 2005). * Corresponding author.E-mail addresses: pcunha@dct.uc.pt (P.P. Cunha), aam@uevora.pt (A.A. Martins), jabu@dtu.dk (J.-P. Buylaert), anmu@dtu.dk (A.S. Murray), 3raposos@sapo.pt (L. Raposo), paolo.mozzi@unipd.it (P. Mozzi), m.stokes@plymouth.ac.uk (M. Stokes).

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Section: Pp Cunha Et Al / Quaternary Science Reviews XXX (2016) 1ementioning

confidence: 52%

New data on the chronology of the Vale do Forno sedimentary sequence (Lower Tejo River terrace staircase) and its relevance as a fluvial archive of the Middle Pleistocene in western Iberia

Cunha

Martins

Buylaert

et al. 2017

Quaternary Science Reviews

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“…Quixaba) são constituídas de rochas vulcânicas alcalinas e insaturadas por sílica. A distribuição uniforme de argila nos perfis estudados pode ser atribuída ao processo de pedoturbação (Mermut et al, 1996;Pal et al, 2009 (Holsambre, 1982). Os três Vertissolos de FN estudados apresentaram acumulação natural de sais.…”

Section: Atributos Físicosunclassified

Caracterização de vertissolos da ilha de Fernando de Noronha, Pernambuco

Marques

Souza

et al. 2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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O Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha (FN) possui solos pouco desenvolvidos das classes dos Cambissolos, Vertissolos e Neossolos, com características peculiares relacionadas ao material de origem vulcânico, clima tropical com franco domínio oceânico e relevo ondulado a forte ondulado. Os Vertissolos de FN são formados a partir de rochas básicas, tufos vulcânicos e sedimentos aluvionares e estão associados às superfícies rebaixadas com drenagem impedida do planalto central ou da baixada litorânea. Tendo em vista a necessidade de preservação ambiental, uso agrícola ou geotécnico e características peculiares desse ambiente insular, os Vertissolos de FN precisam de melhor entendimento de seus atributos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi, portanto, caracterizar morfológica, física, química e mineralogicamente Vertissolos de ocorrência comum na ilha de Fernando de Noronha. Três perfis de Vertissolos derivados de diferentes materiais de origem, classes de drenagem e níveis de salinidade e sodicidade foram descritos e coletados para realização das análises de caracterização. Os solos estudados foram: Vertissolo Háplico órtico solódico (P01), Vertissolo Háplico sálico gleissólico (P02) e Vertissolo Háplico sódico gleissólico (P03). Os Vertissolos de FN apresentam feições típicas da ordem, como a textura argilosa a muito argilosa, as superfícies de fricção (slickensides) e o fendilhamento horizontal e vertical quando secos. Esses solos são imperfeitamente a maldrenados e sofrem alagamento temporário no período de maior concentração das chuvas. Apresentam elevados valores de soma e saturação por bases, além de teores altos a muito altos de P extraível, de distribuição irregular entre perfis e com dominância de formas inorgânicas. Não obstante, esses apresentam problemas de acumulação de sais, o que restringe a utilização agrícola ou geotécnica deles. Os principais minerais da fração argila dos solos são do grupo das esmectitas, seguidos por caulinitas e, ou, haloisitas. A fração silte é constituída por hematita, goethita, magnetita/maghemita, ilmenita, mica e feldspato e por minerais pouco comuns em solos brasileiros como crandalita e holandita.

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“…Other soil degradation processes have been indicated by several authors, in particular, soil losses for suffusion in karst and granite (Li and Zhou, 1999;Durgin, 1984), modification in cracking of Vertisols due to climate change (Pal et al, 2009), increased soil aridity as a consequence of reduced water holding capacity and climate change (Costantini et al, 2009;EEA, 2012), colder soil temperature regime because of the reduction in snow cover (Freppaz et al, 2008), loss of pedodiversity as a consequence of human activities (Dazzi and Lo Papa, 2013;Dazzi and Monteleone 2007;Costantini and L'Abate, 2009), peat degradation and loss of hydric properties following drainage (Fornasiero et al, 2003).…”

Section: Soil Functions and Soil Degradation Processesmentioning

confidence: 92%