Very early Guillain-Barré syndrome: A clinical-electrophysiological and ultrasonographic study

Berciano, José; Orizaola, Pedro; Gallardo, Elena; Pelayo‐Negro, Ana L.; Sánchez‐Juan, Pascual; Infante, Jon; Sedano, María J.

doi:10.1016/j.cnp.2019.11.003

Cited by 25 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…However, in ~50% of the cases, a specific type of preceding infection could be identified in which C-Jeiuni is of paramount importance. 11 , 12 Furthermore, it is noteworthy that the familial occurrence of GBS is a rare event and only a few articles have been published so far. 13 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guillain-Barré Syndrome as a Neurological Complication of Novel COVID-19 Infection

2020

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Introduction: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is a global pandemic. Although the main clinical manifestation of COVID-19 is respiratory involvement, there is evidence suggesting the neuroinvasive potential of COVID-19. There are limited reports of neurological complications of COVID-19 infection in the literature. Herein, we aim to describe 2 members of a family affected by COVID-19, presenting with ascending paresthesia with the final diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome. Case Report: A 38-year-old man presented with a history of ascending paresthesia and bilateral facial droop since 5 days before admission. The medical history was positive for flu-like symptoms affecting all the members of his family. The neurological examination was notable for bilateral peripheral facial paralysis, generalized areflexia, and derceased sensation in distal limbs. The cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed an albuminocytologic dissociation. In addition, the electromyography-nerve conduction study findings were suggestive of acute axonal-demyelinating polyneuropathy. Meanwhile the patient was treated with a diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome, his 14-year-old daughter presented with a history of progressive paresthesia and weakness. Similar to her father, the paraclinical evaluations were consistent with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Taking into account clinical findings and the outbreak of COVID-19, the suspicion of COVID-19 was proposed. Eventually, on the basis of throat swab samples stand on polymerase chain reaction, the patients were diagnosed with COVID-19. Conclusion: Our cases revealed the familial occurrence of Guillain-Barré syndrome after COVID-19 infection. The authors emphasize neurological complications of COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guillain-Barré Syndrome as a Neurological Complication of Novel COVID-19 Infection

2020

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“…In fact, GBS is symmetrical ascending paralysis, often caused by respiratory or gastrointestinal infections from a virus or bacteria ( 4 ). Many bacteria and viruses have been considered as possible trigger of GBS ( 55 , 56 ). Before the recent pandemic, few cases of coronavirus associated to GBS were reported, but a systematic review pointed a significant increasing number of patients with GBS after the COVID-19 pandemic, with higher prevalence among older patients (mean age of 60 years) than with younger ones (mean age of 40 years) ( 57 ) ( Table 2 ).…”

Section: Guillain-barré Syndrome and Sars-cov-2 Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Review on Potential Pathogenic Mechanisms

et al. 2021

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Since December 2019, the world has been facing an outbreak of a new disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by a novel beta-coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The SARS-CoV-2 infection mainly affects the respiratory system. Recently, there have been some reports of extra-respiratory symptoms such as neurological manifestations in COVID-19. According to the increasing reports of Guillain-Barré syndrome following COVID-19, we mainly focused on SARS-CoV-2 infection and Guillain-Barré syndrome in this review. We tried to explain the possibility of a relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and Guillain-Barré syndrome and potential pathogenic mechanisms based on current and past knowledge.

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“…Symptom onset and progression may be acute or slow over a longer time span. Typical electrophysiological findings include slowing of nerve conduction velocity (NCV), conduction blocks and F-wave alterations, although early in the disease process, changes may not be detected ( 3 ). CSF analysis typically shows albuminocytological dissociation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Polyradiculomyelitis With Spinal Cord Gray Matter Lesions: A Report of Two Cases

et al. 2021

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Objective: Inflammatory polyradiculomyelitis belongs to a rare group of immune-mediated diseases affecting both the central and peripheral nervous system. We aimed to describe an unusual presentation of acute polyradiculomyelitis with marked spinal cord lesions restricted to the gray matter.Methods: Thorough examination of two case reports including clinical, MRI, serologic, electrophysiologic and CSF examinations as well as short-term follow-up.Results: We present two adult patients with acute polyradiculomyelitis and unusual spinal cord lesions restricted to the gray matter on MRI. The clinical presentation, serologic, electrophysiologic and CSF features of the two patients varied, whereas both patients demonstrated severe, asymmetrical, predominantly distal, motor deficits of the lower extremities as well as bladder and bowel dysfunction. Both patients only partially responded to anti-inflammatory treatment. Severe motor impairment and bladder dysfunction persisted even months after symptom onset.Conclusions: To our best of knowledge, these are the first reports of acute polyradiculomyelitis with distinct involvement of the lower thoracic spinal cord gray matter. Currently, it remains unclear whether gray matter lesions reflect a separate pathophysiologic mechanism or an exceedingly rare presentation of spinal cord involvement in acute polyradiculomyelitis.

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Very early Guillain-Barré syndrome: A clinical-electrophysiological and ultrasonographic study

Abstract: HighlightsSubtype classification of very early Guillain-Barré syndrome often requires serial electrodiagnosis.Nerve ultrasonography helps delineate the topography of changes.Proximal nerve trunk changes are a very relevant feature in early stages of the disease.

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

Guillain-Barré Syndrome as a Neurological Complication of Novel COVID-19 Infection

Guillain-Barré Syndrome as a Neurological Complication of Novel COVID-19 Infection

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Review on Potential Pathogenic Mechanisms

Acute Polyradiculomyelitis With Spinal Cord Gray Matter Lesions: A Report of Two Cases

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