“…Various methodologies, such as reciprocity or substitution (Bobber, 1988;Smith and Bacon, 1990;Radulescu et al, 2003;Koch and Wilkens, 2004;Veledar, 2009), have been proposed for the kilohertz and megahertz frequency range but few for very low frequencies. Methodologies developed by Levin (1973) andMcEachern (1984) propose a dynamic calibration with a hydrophone displacement in a pressure field, whereas Golenkov and Pavlov (1972) and Zalesak (1999) propose a static one, in which the pressure itself is variable. In the Levin (1973) method, a hydrophone is placed along an inflexible vertical axis that is connected to a wheel and a motor.…”