Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes and Potential Consequences on Cardiovascular Disease

Joel, Danielle L.; Denlinger, Rachel L.; Dermody, Sarah S.; Hatsukami, Dorothy K.; Benowitz, Neal L.; Donny, Eric C.

doi:10.1007/s12170-012-0266-9

Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep

2012

DOI: 10.1007/s12170-012-0266-9

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Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes and Potential Consequences on Cardiovascular Disease

Danielle L. Joel

Rachel L. Denlinger

Sarah S. Dermody

et al.

Abstract: Cigarette smoking remains highly prevalent in the U.S. and contributes significantly to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Tobacco control policies, including product regulation, can reduce smoking-related harm. One approach being considered in the U.S. is for the FDA to set a low nicotine standard for cigarettes. Such a standard could result in multiple beneficial outcomes including reduced cardiovascular toxicity related to nicotine, reduced smoking intensity in current smokers, increased cessation rates, decreas… Show more

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Cited by 2 publications

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“…The prevalence of tobacco smoking has not changed significantly over the past several years. In the United States alone, about 45 million people smoke tobacco (Joel et al, ). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (), 75% of smokers would like to quit because of the known health risks associated with nicotine.…”

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confidence: 99%

Neuroanatomical circuitry mediating the sensory impact of nicotine in the central nervous system

Dehkordi

Rose

Asadi

et al. 2014

J of Neuroscience Research

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Direct actions of nicotine in the CNS appear to be essential for its reinforcing properties. However, activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on afferent sensory nerve fibers are important components of addiction to, and withdrawal from, cigarette smoking. The present study was to identify the neuroanatomical substrates activated by the peripheral actions of nicotine and to determine whether these sites overlap brain structures stimulated by direct actions of nicotine. Mouse brains were examined by immunohistochemistry for c-Fos protein after intraperitoneal injection of either nicotine (NIC, 30 and 40 µg/kg) and/or nicotine pyrrolidine methiodide (NIC-PM, 20 and 30 µg/kg). NIC-PM induced c-Fos immunoreactivity (IR) at multiple brain sites. In the brainstem, c-Fos IR was detected in locus coeruleus, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus and pedunculotegmental nucleus. In the midbrain, c-Fos IR was observed in areas overlapping the ventral tegmental area (VTA) which includes paranigral nucleus, parainterfascicular nucleus, parabrachial pigmental area and rostral VTA. Other structures of the nicotine brain-reward circuitry activated by NIC-PM included hypothalamus, paraventricular thalamic nucleus, lateral habenular nucleus, hippocampus, amygdala, accumbens nucleus, piriform cortex, angular insular cortex, anterior olfactory nucleus, lateral septal nucleus, bed nucleus of stria terminalis, cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex, olfactory tubercle, medial and lateral orbital cortex. Nicotine, acting through central and peripheral nAChRs, produced c-Fos IR in areas that overlapped NIC-PM induced c-Fos expressing sites. These neuroanatomical data are the first to demonstrate that the CNS structures which are the direct targets of nicotine are also anatomical substrates for the peripheral sensory impact of nicotine.

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confidence: 99%

Neuroanatomical circuitry mediating the sensory impact of nicotine in the central nervous system

Dehkordi

Rose

Asadi

et al. 2014

J of Neuroscience Research

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Research on Youth and Young Adult Tobacco Use, 2013–2018, From the Food and Drug Administration–National Institutes of Health Tobacco Centers of Regulatory Science

Perry

Creamer

Chaffee

et al. 2019

Nicotine &Amp; Tobacco Research

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The Tobacco Regulatory Science Program is a collaborative research effort between the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In 2013, the NIH funded 14 Tobacco Centers of Regulatory Science (TCORS), which serve as partners in establishing research, training, and professional development programs to guide FDA. Each of the fourteen TCORS, and two other NIH-funded research programs, the Center for the Evaluation of Nicotine in Cigarettes (CENIC) and the Consortium on Methods Evaluating Tobacco (COMET), pursued specific research themes relevant to FDA’s priorities. A key mandate for FDA is to reduce tobacco use among young people. This article is a review of the peer-reviewed research, including published and in-press manuscripts, from the TCORS, CENIC, and COMET, which provides specific data or other findings on youth (ages 10–18 years) and/or young adults (ages 18–34 years), from 2013 to 2018. Citations of all TCORS, CENIC, and COMET articles from September 2013 to December 2017 were collected by the TCORS coordinating center, the Center for Evaluation and Coordination of Training and Research. Additional citations up to April 30, 2018 were requested from the principal investigators. A scoring rubric was developed and implemented to assess study type, primary theme, and FDA priority area addressed by each article. The major subareas and findings from each priority area are presented. There were 766 articles in total, with 258 (34%) focusing on youth and/or young adults. Findings relevant to FDA from this review concern impact analysis, toxicity, health effects, addiction, marketing influences, communications, and behavior. Implications The Tobacco Centers of Regulatory Science, CENIC, and COMET have had a high output of scientific articles since 2013. These Centers are unique in that the FDA supports science specifically to guide future regulatory actions. The 258 articles that have focused on youth and/or young adults are providing data for regulatory actions by the FDA related to the key priority areas such as the addictiveness of non-cigarette products, the effects of exposure to electronic cigarette marketing on initiation and cessation, and the impact of flavored products on youth and young adult tobacco use. Future regulations to reduce tobacco use will be guided by the cumulative evidence. These Centers are one innovative mechanism to promote important outcomes to advance tobacco regulatory science.

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Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes and Potential Consequences on Cardiovascular Disease

Cited by 2 publications

References 53 publications

Neuroanatomical circuitry mediating the sensory impact of nicotine in the central nervous system

Neuroanatomical circuitry mediating the sensory impact of nicotine in the central nervous system

Research on Youth and Young Adult Tobacco Use, 2013–2018, From the Food and Drug Administration–National Institutes of Health Tobacco Centers of Regulatory Science

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