Very preterm infants who receive transitional formulas as a complement to human milk can achieve catch-up growth

Fernandes, Amaryllis I.; Gollins, Laura; Hagan, Joseph; Hair, Amy B.

doi:10.1038/s41372-019-0499-2

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…A total of 18 articles were selected, of which eight were experimental studies [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ] and the remaining ten were observational studies [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ] ( Figure 1 ). The characteristics of the applied interventions are presented in Table 2 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, another study conducted a long-term follow-up of the participants and identified that, at one year of age, growth rate, weight, length, and HC were similar in infants fed BM, DHM, and FM [ 33 ]. The incidence of metabolic bone disease did not differ by feeding mode [ 32 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Morbidity did not differ statistically according to the type of feeding [ 19 , 22 , 24 , 26 , 34 , 35 ], although in several studies there was a higher incidence with FM [ 30 , 31 , 32 ]. In those studies that assessed long-term effects, growth to 12–18 months was similar regardless of the feeding type [ 23 , 25 , 33 ], and neuropsychomotor development had higher scores on the Bayley scale with FM [ 23 , 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In studies where calorie density was indicated [ 19 , 21 , 23 , 24 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 33 ], it was observed that providing a higher calorie intake improved growth (weight, length, and HC). This phenomenon was not identified with DHM fortification [ 23 , 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The methodological characteristics of the analyzed studies are detailed in Table 3. Among the objectives of the analyzed investigations, we distinguished nine that compared the effects of feeding with FM, BM, and DHM [21,25,[27][28][29]32,33,35,36], five that evaluated the effects of different compositions of FM and/or fortifiers [19,24,26,30,34], and four investigations that compared the effects of FM and DHM [20,22,23,31]. The methodological characteristics of the analyzed studies are detailed in Table 3.…”

Section: Auxological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Formula Milk Feeding in Premature Infants: A Systematic Review

2022

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The preterm baby is born at a critical period for the growth and development of the gastrointestinal and neuromotor systems. Breast milk is the food of choice for infants during the first months of life, as it provides multiple short- and long-term benefits to preterm and sick newborns. Despite this, breastfeeding is often nutritionally insufficient, requiring the addition of fortifiers. In other cases, it is important to ensure the necessary nutrients and calories, which can be provided by formula milk or pasteurized and fortified donated human milk. However, the specific guidelines for the use of formula milk have not yet been determined. Therefore, a systematic search was considered necessary in order to identify the effects of feeding with formula milk in preterm infants. A systematic search in Scopus, Medline, Pubmed, Cinahl, ClinicalTrials and Web of Science with the terms Infant Formula and Infant Premature was conducted. A total of 18 articles were selected, of which, eight were experimental and ten were observational studies. Among the objectives of the analyzed investigations, we distinguished nine that compared the effects of feeding with formula milk, breast milk and donated human milk, five that evaluated the effects of different compositions of formula milk and/or fortifiers and four investigations that compared the effects of formula milk and donated human milk. In conclusion, when breast milk is insufficient or unavailable, formula milk is a good nutritional option, due to its higher caloric density and protein content. Nevertheless, the preterm infant’s diet should incorporate breast milk to reduce the incidence of morbidities such as necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis (related to hospital handling of fortifiers and formula milk).

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