Vesicles and Liposomes: A Self‐Assembly Principle Beyond Lipids

Antonietti, Markus; Förster, Stephan

doi:10.1002/adma.200300010

Cited by 1,341 publications

(1,322 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Polymersomes, polymer vesicles self-assembled from a diverse array of synthetic amphiphilic block copolymers containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic blocks [2][3][4], have been shown to possess superior biomaterial properties, including greater stability and storage capabilities [5][6][7], as well as prolonged circulation time, as compared to liposomes (vesicles derived from phospholipids) [8]. A particularly attractive storage feature, highlighted in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ratio of hydrophilic to hydrophobic block volume fraction determines whether micelles (spherical, prolate, or oblate), or vesicles (polymersomes) will form [2,[11][12][13]. As a general rule, however, a ratio of hydrophilic block to total polymer mass of approximately ≤35% ± 10% yields membrane structures, while copolymers with ratios greater than 45% generally form micelles; those with ratios less than 25% form inverted microstructures [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polymersomes: A new multi-functional tool for cancer diagnosis and therapy

Levine

Ghoroghchian

Freudenberg

et al. 2008

Methods

199

122

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Nanoparticles are being developed as delivery vehicles for therapeutic pharmaceuticals and contrast imaging agents. Polymersomes (mesoscopic polymer vesicles) possess a number of attractive biomaterial properties that make them ideal for these applications. Synthetic control over block copolymer chemistry enables tunable design of polymersome material properties. The polymersome architecture, with its large hydrophilic reservoir and its thick hydrophobic lamellar membrane, provides significant storage capacity for both water soluble and insoluble substances (such as drugs and imaging probes). Further, the brush-like architecture of the polymersome outer shell can potentially increase biocompatibility and blood circulation times. A further recent advance is the development of multi-functional polymersomes that carry pharmaceuticals and imaging agents simultaneously. The ability to conjugate biologically active ligands to the brush surface provides a further means for targeted therapy and imaging. Hence, polymersomes hold enormous potential as nanostructured biomaterials for future in vivo drug delivery and diagnostic imaging applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymersomes: A new multi-functional tool for cancer diagnosis and therapy

Levine

Ghoroghchian

Freudenberg

et al. 2008

Methods

199

122

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“…With the development of surfactant self-assembly studies and cross-interactions from both lipid and surfactant fields, the situation has significantly changed (e.g. see reviews [10,11]). In this context, mixtures of oppositely charged surfactants have emerged in the last 10-15 years as an exciting new class of vesicle-forming systems (catanionic vesicles), as described further [12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical and toxicological properties of novel amino acid-based amphiphiles and their spontaneously formed catanionic vesicles

Brito

Marques

Silva

et al. 2009

Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces

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a b s t r a c tThe design of efficient liposomal systems for drug delivery is of considerable biomedical interest. In this context, vesicles prepared from cationic/anionic surfactants may offer several advantages, mainly due to their spontaneity in formation and long-term stability. There is also an impending need to produce less toxic, more biocompatible amphiphiles, while maintaining the desirable aggregation properties. In this work, we present data for acute toxicity to Daphnia magna (IC 50 ), and potential ocular irritation (HC 50 ) for some newly prepared ionic surfactants with dodecyl chains, derived from the amino acids tyrosine (Tyr), serine (Ser), hydroxyproline (Hyp) and lysine (Lys). The micellization behavior of the compounds, evaluated from surface tension measurements, is presented and compared to more conventional ionic amphiphiles. Two types of spontaneouly formed catanionic vesicles, composed either by a dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB)/Lys-derivative and or Ser-/Lys-derivative mixture, have also been tested for their ecotoxicity and hemolytic potential. All the micelle-forming surfactants as well as the vesicle-containing mixtures are found to have lower ecotoxicity than the reference surfactant DTAB. Moreover, the results from hemolysis and hemoglobin denaturation tests show that the Tyr-and Lys-derivatives are moderately irritant, whereas the Hyp-and Ser-ones are just slightly irritant. Even more significantly, the vesicle-containing mixtures exhibit lower hemolytic activity than the neat surfactants, a positive result for their potential use in liposomal formulations.

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“…All these techniques rely on the self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules, such as lipids, in ordered structures due to their physicochemical behaviour in aqueous media [93,94]. This principle is the basis of bottom-up nanotechnology.…”

Section: Top-down and Bottom-up Methods For The Development Of Full Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic biomaterials based on extracellular vesicles: classification of bio‐engineering and mimetic preparation routes

García‐Manrique

Matos

Gutiérrez

et al. 2018

J of Extracellular Vesicle

151

153

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as novel theranostic tools. Limitations related to clinical uses are leading to a new research area on design and manufacture of artificial EVs. Several strategies have been reported in order to produce artificial EVs, but there has not yet been a clear criterion by which to differentiate these novel biomaterials. In this paper, we suggest for the first time a systematic classification of the terms used to build up the artificial EV landscape, based on the preparation method. This could be useful to guide the derivation to clinical trial routes and to clarify the literature. According to our classification, we have reviewed the main strategies reported to date for their preparation, including key points such as: cargo loading, surface targeting strategies, purification steps, generation of membrane fragments for the construction of biomimetic materials, preparation of synthetic membranes inspired in EV composition and subsequent surface decoration.

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Vesicles and Liposomes: A Self‐Assembly Principle Beyond Lipids

Cited by 1,341 publications

References 45 publications

Polymersomes: A new multi-functional tool for cancer diagnosis and therapy

Polymersomes: A new multi-functional tool for cancer diagnosis and therapy

Physicochemical and toxicological properties of novel amino acid-based amphiphiles and their spontaneously formed catanionic vesicles

Therapeutic biomaterials based on extracellular vesicles: classification of bio‐engineering and mimetic preparation routes

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