Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae in floating wetland mat communities dominated by Typha

Stenlund, Dwayne; Charvat, Iris

doi:10.1007/bf00203772

Cited by 38 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In our report, we used the occurrence of arbuscules as the only positive indication, by definition, of the establishment of an AM symbiosis, though other authors attributed AM status to species showing only hyphae and/or vesicles in their roots (Stenlund and Charvat 1994;Miller et al 1999). The absence of arbuscules and appressoria, and the occurrence of hyphae and/or vesicles in the roots of nonhost plants, in dead roots, pieces of organic matter, and organs other than roots have been considered by some authors as an indication of the ability of passive colonisation by AM fungi (Park and Linderman 1980;Malajczuk et al 1981;Stasz and Sakai 1984;Giovannetti and Lioi 1990;Giovannetti et al 1994;Giovannetti and Sbrana 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Type of mycorrhizal associations in two coastal nature reserves of the Mediterranean basin

et al. 2003

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We analysed the mycorrhizal types of two coastal Mediterranean plant communities. Plants belonging to 82 species of 46 families growing in two Mediterranean study sites located within a Regional Natural Park in Italy (Macchia Lucchese) and in a National Park in Croatia (Brijuni) were assessed for the type of their mycorrhizal associations. Mycorrhizas occurred in 83% and 90% of the plant species surveyed in Macchia Lucchese and in Brijuni, respectively. On the basis of macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, six different mycorrhizal types were found, and their co-occurrence in the same plant community showed the large mycorrhizal diversity in Mediterranean vegetation. Different occurrence patterns of mycorrhizal types have been recognised in diverse habitats within Macchia Lucchese, from sand dune plant communities to sclerophyllous woodland. Mycorrhizal type abundance calculated on a floristic basis was very different from that obtained using a vegetation cover index.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Type of mycorrhizal associations in two coastal nature reserves of the Mediterranean basin

et al. 2003

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“…Based on RA, the dominant species, namely, A. laevis and R. intraradices, showed different patterns of sporulation and distribution. ese differences in sporulation pattern may be attributed to plant phenological events including new root growth [41], �owering, and fruiting [42]. ey may also suggest differences in AM functionality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Mangroves of Goa, India

D’Souza

Rodrigues

2013

International Journal of Biodiversity

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Seasonal dynamics of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal community composition in three common mangrove plant species, namely, Acanthus ilicifolius, Excoecaria agallocha, and Rhizophora mucronata, from two sites in Goa, India, were investigated. In all three species variation in AM fungal spore density was observed. Maximum spore density and AM species richness were recorded in the premonsoon season, while minimum spore density and richness were observed during monsoon season at both sites. A total of 11 AM fungal species representing �ve genera were recorded. Acaulospora laevis was recorded in all seasons at both sites. Multivariate analysis revealed that season and host coaffected AM spore density and species richness with the former having greater in�uence than the latter.

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“…None of the dominant herbaceous plant species along the bog-fen-marsh wetland gradient was VAmycorrhizal (Thormann et al 1999). This was surprising, since previous studies showed that some species of Carex (Wetzel and van der Valk 1996;Cooke and Lefor 1998;Miller et al 1999;Turner et al 2000;Bauer et al 2003), Typha (Stenlund and Charvat 1994;Cooke and Lefor 1998), and various other, less dominant herbaceous plants were VA-mycorrhizal (Currah and van Dyk 1986;Cooke and Lefor 1998). These discrepancies can arise because of different sampling protocols, species examined, and sample sizes.…”

Section: Mycorrhizas and Other Root Endophytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and function of fungi in peatlands: A carbon cycling perspective

Thormann¹

2006

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

163

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Thormann, M. N. 2006. Diversity and function of fungi in peatlands: A carbon cycling perspective. Can. J. Soil Sci. 86: 281-293. Peatlands are a dominant landform in the northern hemisphere, accumulating carbon in the form of peat due to an imbalance between decomposition and plant production rates. Decomposer (saprobes) and mycorrhizal fungi significantly influence carbon dynamics by degrading organic matter via the synthesis of extracellular enzymes. As organic matter decomposes, litter quality variables figure most prominently in the succession of fungi. Hence, litters composed primarily of complex polymers decompose very slowly. Surprisingly, recalcitrant polymer degraders (mostly basidiomycetes) are rarely isolated from peat, which may explain the accumulation of complex polymers in peat profiles. While enzymatic profiles of mycorrhizal fungi and other root endophytes may be more limited compared with saprobes, many of these fungi can degrade polymers of varying complexity as well and hence may also be significant decomposers of organic matter. To date, anamorphic ascomycetes and zygomycetes are the most frequently isolated fungi from peatlands (63 and 10% of all taxa, respectively), and chytridiomycetes, teleomorphic ascomycetes, and basidiomycetes appear to be less common (11% of all taxa). The remaining 16% of taxa remain unidentified or are sterile taxa. How disturbances affect peatland microbial communities and their roles is virtually unknown. This aspect of peatland microbial ecology requires immediate attention. The objective of this paper is to review the current state of knowledge of the diversity of fungi and their roles in carbon cycling dynamics in peatlands. Can. J. Soil Sci. 86: 281-293. Les tourbières figurent parmi les principales formes de relief dans l'hémisphère nord. Elles accumulent du carbone sous la forme de tourbe, produit du déséquilibre entre le taux de décomposition et le taux de production des végétaux. Les microorganismes décomposeurs (saprobiontes) et les champignons des mycorhizes ont une action considérable sur la dynamique du carbone, car ils dégradent la matière organique par la synthèse d'enzymes extracellulaires. Lorsque la matière organique se décompose, ce sont les paramètres qualitatifs des détritus végétaux qui commandent le plus la succession de champignons. C'est pourquoi les débris essentiellement composés de polymères complexes se décomposent très lentement. Pourtant, il est surprenant qu'on isole si rarement les saprobiontes des polymères récalcitrants (surtout des basidiomycètes) de la tourbe, ce qui expliquerait l'accumulation de polymères complexes dans cette dernière. Bien que le profil enzymatique des champignons des mycorhizes et d'autres endophytes des racines soit plus étroit que celui des saprobiontes, bon nombre de ces champignons dégradent aussi des polymères de complexité variable. Ils pourraient donc être d'importants décomposeurs de la matière organique. Jusqu'à présent, les champignons qu'on retrouve le plus souvent dans les tourbières sont des a...

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Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae in floating wetland mat communities dominated by Typha

Cited by 38 publications

References 27 publications

Type of mycorrhizal associations in two coastal nature reserves of the Mediterranean basin

Type of mycorrhizal associations in two coastal nature reserves of the Mediterranean basin

Seasonal Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Mangroves of Goa, India

Diversity and function of fungi in peatlands: A carbon cycling perspective

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