Vessel Ultrasound Sonographic Assessment of Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Efficacy in a Rat Balloon Injury Model

Abstract

ObjectiveWe aimed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of differentially modified soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) in vivo using vessel ultrasound sonography and to compare the sonography data with those from postmortem histomorphologic analyses to have a practical reference for future clinical applications.MethodsVessel ultrasound sonography was performed in a sRAGE-treated rat carotid artery balloon injury model at different time points after the surgery, and therapeutic efficacy of different doses of sRAGE produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells and with different N-glycoform modifications were assessed.ResultsVessel ultrasound sonography found that sRAGE produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells with complex N-glycoform modifications is highly effective, and is consistent with our recent findings in the same model assessed with histology. We also found that sonography is less sensitive than histology when a higher dose of sRAGE is administered.ConclusionsSonograph results are consistent with those obtained from histology; that is, sRAGE produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells has significantly higher efficacy than insect cell-originated sRAGE cells.

A Rat Carotid Balloon Injury Model to Test Anti-vascular Remodeling Therapeutics

“…The vessel section from the rat received therapeutic reagent (in this case, sRAGE) that blocks neointimal growth showed significantly reduced thickening of the vessel wall ( Figure 1C). The effects of the balloon injury as well as the therapeutic treatment can also be evaluated in vivo using ultrasound sonography 22 , which collaborate well with the results from histomorphological analysis (Figure 2). The details for the evaluation of the efficacy and the administration window of therapeutic sRAGE in the rat balloon injury model have been described in previous publications 13,22 .…”

“…The effects of the balloon injury as well as the therapeutic treatment can also be evaluated in vivo using ultrasound sonography 22 , which collaborate well with the results from histomorphological analysis (Figure 2). The details for the evaluation of the efficacy and the administration window of therapeutic sRAGE in the rat balloon injury model have been described in previous publications 13,22 . To evaluate therapeutic reagents that reduce or block the injury-elicited vessel wall remodeling, a group of rats (n = 8-15) are to be operated in order to obtain statistically meaningful conclusions.…”

“…Some reagents may need to be administered continually during the subsequent days of recovery to achieve the effect. An early intervention helps to block or reduce the ensuing vascular remodeling 13,22,24 .…”

“…Remove the suture or wound clips according to attending veterinarian's recommendation. Two weeks after the surgery, euthanize the rats to isolate the carotid arteries for post-mortem histo-morphological analyses22 …”

A Rat Carotid Balloon Injury Model to Test Anti-vascular Remodeling Therapeutics

“…The effects of the balloon injury as well as the therapeutic treatment can also be evaluated in vivo using ultrasound sonography 22 , which collaborate well with the results from histomorphological analysis (Figure 2). The details for the evaluation of the efficacy and the administration window of therapeutic sRAGE in the rat balloon injury model have been described in previous publications 13,22 . To evaluate therapeutic reagents that reduce or block the injury-elicited vessel wall remodeling, a group of rats (n = 8-15) are to be operated in order to obtain statistically meaningful conclusions.…”