Veterinary approach to the amphibian patient

Abstract

Background: Amphibians are commonly kept in the UK but are afforded little time in veterinary curricula and are often grouped with reptiles in veterinary texts and continuing professional development resources. While the approach to the amphibian patient shares some similarities with how reptiles are approached, there are significant zoological, biological and clinical differences. A background knowledge of their anatomy, physiology, biology and husbandry is required in order to successfully diagnose and treat illness. Three orders of amphibian exist: the anura (frogs and toads), the caudata or urodela (newts and salamanders) and the gymnophiona (caecilians). Although the number of amphibian species kept and bred in captivity is vast, practitioners in the UK are likely to encounter some species more commonly than others.Aim of the article: This article outlines the veterinary approach to the amphibian patient, discusses some of the diagnostic and therapeutic options available and provides an overview of the most common conditions seen in these species.

Current State of Conservation Physiology for Amphibians: Major Research Topics and Physiological Parameters

“…Research is currently being conducted on technological advancements for amphibian survey methods, with a particular emphasis on conservation physiology approaches [85] (Figure 4c). Recently, researchers have proposed that veterinary approaches are necessary to assess the health status of amphibians, for which there is no standardized diagnostic procedure [8,86,87]. These include techniques such as X-ray imaging, blood biochemistry analysis, immunological and hormonal analyses, and histological examination.…”