Viabilidade do uso de água residuária tratada na irrigação da cultura do rabanete (Raphanus sativus L.)

The current water crisis underlines the importance of improving water management. The use of effluent from secondary treatment in agriculture can reduce the discharge of effluent into natural bodies and provide nutrients to crops. This study evaluated the physical and chemical properties of a Dusky Red Latosol soil that had been irrigated with treated wastewater. Conducted at the Center of Agricultural Sciences (CCA) of Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), in Araras/São Paulo/Brazil, 18 undisturbed soil samples were collected and deposited on a constant-head permeameter in order to simulate the irrigation of five growth cycles of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), organized in five different treatments and one control group. For each treatment 0.58 L, 1.16 L, 1.74 L, 2.32 L, and 2.90 L of treated wastewater and distilled water were applied . The treated wastewater came from a domestic waste treatment plant. After the water filtered through the soil, samples of treated wastewater were collected for analyses of electrical conductivity (EC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), turbidity, pH, Na, K, Mg, P and Ca and, in the soil the granulometry, complete fertility, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat). The Ksat decreased, but did not alter the infiltration of water and nutrients in the soil. The concentration of nutrients in the soil increased, including Na, which raises the need for monitoring soil's salinity. In conclusion, the application of wastewater did not cause damage to the physical properties of the soil, but resulted in a tendency towards salinization. Efeitos físico-químicos da irrigação com água de reúso em um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico RESUMOA atual crise da água ressalta a importância de se melhorar a gestão da água. O uso de efluente de tratamento secundário na agricultura pode reduzir a descarga de efluentes em corpos naturais e fornecer nutrientes para as culturas. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar 738 Vanessa Ribeiro Urbano et al. Rev. Ambient. Água vol. 10 n. 4 Taubaté -Oct. / Dec. 2015as propriedades físicas e químicas de um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico irrigado com água de reúso. Conduzido no Centro de Ciências Agrárias (CCA) da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), em Araras/SP/Brasil, 18 amostras indeformadas de solo foram coletadas e dispostas em permeâmetro de carga constante para simular a irrigação de 5 ciclos de cultivo de alface (Lactuca sativa L.), organizado em cinco diferentes tratamentos e um grupo controle. Para cada tratamento foram aplicados 0,58 L, 1,16 L, 1,74 L, 2,32 L, e 2,90 L de água de reúso e água destilada. A água de reúso usada nesse estudo provém de uma planta de tratamento de esgoto doméstico. Após a passagem da água pelo solo, amostras da água de reúso tratada e água destilada foram coletadas e analisada a condutividade elétrica (CE), razão de adsorção de sódio (RAS), turbidez, pH, Na, K, Mg, P e Ca, e no solo a granulometria, a fertilidade completa, porcentagem de sódio trocável (PST) e condutividade hidráulica ...

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical-chemical effects of irrigation with treated wastewater on Dusky Red Latosol soil

Urbano¹,

Mendonça²,

Bastos³

et al. 2015

“…In Brazil, there are studies of WWTP irrigation agriculture in different cultures. Dantas et al (2014), using WWTP of the city of São Cristóvão-SE to irrigate radishes, found that the resulting radishes were within the standards established by law. Deon et al (2010) and Freitas et al (2013) showed gains in productivity of cane sugar with drip irrigation of effluent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The physicochemical characteristics of the RW suggest that it is suitable for crop irrigation, namely for the irrigation of fruit trees and vinery (Asano et al, 2007;Dantas et al, 2014). It has moderate organic content, high nutrient content (which is useful for crop production), low nitrate concentrations (it does not present a risk for groundwater contamination), low heavy metal concentrations, low EC (only values above 0.7 dS m -1 may be considered a risk for soil salinity) and is not phytotoxic for those crops (the concentration of Al, B, Cl and Na are below the recommended values for crop irrigation set up in USEPA (2012), Asano et al (2007).…”

Section: Site Location For Reclaimed Water Reusementioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-criteria analysis for site selection for the reuse of reclaimed water and biosolids

Albuquerque¹,

Scalize²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2015

Low pH soils with insufficient organic matter can benefit from the application of reclaimed water (RW) and biosolids. The presence of nutrients also aids plant growth. This paper presents the results of two integrated research studies, both carried out in the Beira Interior Region (Covilhã, Portugal); one used RW for irrigation, the other applied paper mill sludge to agricultural land. In both cases, multiple criteria based on GIS tools were used for site selection. In the first study, the characteristics of RW analyzed over 2 years were found suitable for crop irrigation. The RW had moderate organic content, low electrical conductivity (CE), high nutrient content (N, P), and low concentrations of nitrate, metals and phytotoxic elements (Al, B, Cl and Na). The multi-criteria analysis was carried out taking into account environmental, technical and economic criteria and a suitable area of 30.5 ha was found for RW irrigation. In the second work, the paper mill sludge was considered suitable for application to agricultural land. Its concentrations of N, P and heavy metals did not a present risk for soil contamination and were suitable for soil improvement and crop production. A multi-criteria analysis based on similar criteria was conducted and a suitable area of 253 ha was found for sludge application.

“…Sendo assim, a sua disponibilidade está diretamente relacionada com o aumento da produtividade nas áreas agrícolas (Falloon e Betts, 2010). Sabe-se que, a nível mundial, a irrigação é a maior consumidora de água derivada das fontes como rios, lagos e aquíferos subterrâneos (Dantas et al, 2014). Entretanto, uma das principais dificuldades do setor agrícola tem sido a disponibilidade desse recurso (Falloon e Betts, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Untitled

2016

Source: SILVA, M. G. et al. Análise da influência de parâmetros ambientais no fluxo de metano em áreas alagáveis e lagoas permanentes na região do Rio Abobral, no Pantanal, Brasil. Rev. Ambient. Água, Taubaté, vol. 11 n. 2, p. 327-338, 2016 ABSTRACTBrazil has the highest water availability of any country in the world. Nearly 20% of all the world's rivers flow on Brazilian soil. Brazil's herds of cattle, pigs and poultry are among the largest in the world, and the country uses irrigated agriculture extensively, which accounts for most water consumption (approximately 70% of the water consumed in the world). The Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), the largest and most important public institution of Brazilian agricultural research, has attempted to develop environmental technologies in order to minimize the impact caused by the scarcity and pollution of water resources. This paper describes the technologies this institution offers to different regions. For this purpose, a descriptive and exploratory study was conducted in various Embrapa research units. The results showed that research on the rational use of water in agriculture has intensified since the early 2000s. However, the pace of growth in agricultural activities and their impact is much greater than that of the generated technologies, demonstrating the difficulty in striking a balance in this relationship. Furthermore, it is clear that that water scarcity and the increasing pollution of shallow and deep waters are complex issues with no short-term solution.Keywords: Brazilian agriculture, Embrapa, rational use of water.Tecnologias para o uso racional da água na agricultura brasileira RESUMO O Brasil é o país com a maior disponibilidade hídrica do mundo, quase 20% das vazões de todos os rios do planeta, fluem em solo brasileiro. Possui um dos maiores rebanhos mundiais de suínos, aves e gado e utiliza largamente a agricultura irrigada, principal consumidora dos recursos hídricos (cerca de 70% da água consumida no mundo). A Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária -Embrapa, como a maior e mais importante instituição pública de pesquisa agropecuária brasileira, tem envidado esforços na tentativa de buscar soluções para, minimizar os impactos causados pela escassez e poluição dos recursos hídricos, por meio do desenvolvimento tecnologias ambientais. Esse trabalho descreve as tecnologias disponibilizadas por esta instituição para as diferentes regiões brasileiras. Para isso, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória junto às diversas unidades de pesquisa da Embrapa. Os resultados demonstram que houve uma intensificação das pesquisas voltadas para o uso racional da água na agricultura, a partir da década de 2000. Todavia, o ritmo de crescimento das atividades agropecuárias e seus impactos é bem maior do que o das tecnologias geradas, o que dificulta se encontrar um equilíbrio nesta relação. Além disso, deve-se considerar que o problema da escassez da água assim como da crescente poluição das águas rasas e profundas, é comple...